Scalable long-distance quantum fan-out gates with reduced resource overhead
Abstract
Scalable long-distance quantum gates are essential for distributed quantum computation and scalable quantum networks. We propose an efficient scheme for implementing an n-qubit fan-out gate Cn (also known as a controlled-NOT-⋯-NOT gate) across spatially separated parties. Our protocol requires only a pre-shared n-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state, n local controlled-NOT (CNOT) gates, and feed-forward operations, thereby reducing both the CNOT and Hadamard gate counts by (n−2) when compared with the standard decomposition-based approach. We further develop two optical architectures to implement the heralded and post-selected n-photon fan-out gates, respectively. These schemes require fewer single photons resources and achieve higher success probabilities than their decomposition-based counterparts, representing significant improvements. The results indicate that our approach is experimentally feasible and pave the way toward practical long-distance quantum computation.
Versions
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BibTeX
@misc{liu2026scalable,
title = {{Scalable long-distance quantum fan-out gates with reduced resource overhead}},
author = {Wen-Qiang Liu and Hai-Rui Wei},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.18049},
eprint = {2610.18049},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.18049},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Scalable long-distance quantum fan-out gates with reduced resource overhead
AU - Wen-Qiang Liu
AU - Hai-Rui Wei
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/13
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.18049
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.18049
AB - Scalable long-distance quantum gates are essential for distributed quantum computation and scalable quantum networks. We propose an efficient scheme for implementing an n-qubit fan-out gate C^n (also known as a controlled-NOT-⋯-NOT gate) across spatially separated parties. Our protocol requires only a pre-shared n-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state, n local controlled-NOT (CNOT) gates, and feed-forward operations, thereby reducing both the CNOT and Hadamard gate counts by (n−2) when compared with the standard decomposition-based approach. We further develop two optical architectures to implement the heralded and post-selected n-photon fan-out gates, respectively. These schemes require fewer single photons resources and achieve higher success probabilities than their decomposition-based counterparts, representing significant improvements. The results indicate that our approach is experimentally feasible and pave the way toward practical long-distance quantum computation.
ER -