Effects of centrifugation-based therapeutic plasma exchange on coagulation parameters in dogs with canine visceral leishmaniasis.
- 1Department of Veterinary Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
- 2Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal Institute of South Minas, Muzambinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Abstract
As in humans, therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) has been investigated in veterinary medicine for managing immune-mediated diseases such as canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). TPE may improve clinical outcomes by removing circulating immune complexes and excess antibodies; however, its physiological effects must be understood to ensure safety. Given the scarcity of studies in animals, this study evaluated the effects of centrifugation-based TPE in dogs with CVL receiving fresh frozen plasma (FFP) as replacement fluid. Thirty-one dogs with CVL that failed to respond to conventional therapy were allocated to two groups: clinical treatment alone (n = 18) and clinical treatment plus TPE (n = 13). The TPE group underwent one daily session for three consecutive days. Coagulation profiles were assessed before and after each session. A progressive decrease in platelet counts occurred across sessions, but without significant thrombocytopenia or critical alterations in activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) or prothrombin time (PT), which remained within reference ranges. Transient hypocalcemia occurred after the first session and was promptly corrected with calcium gluconate supplementation. Fibrinogen levels decreased mildly without clinical evidence of bleeding. Clinical complications were minimal and effectively managed. In conclusion, TPE was well tolerated, producing predominantly transient and controllable effects on hemostasis and overall clinical homeostasis under the conditions of this study.
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BibTeX
@article{maia2026effects,
title = {{Effects of centrifugation-based therapeutic plasma exchange on coagulation parameters in dogs with canine visceral leishmaniasis.}},
author = {Suellen Rodrigues Maia and Silvano Salgueiro Geraldes and Fábio Dos Santos Nogueira and Maria Gabriela Picelli de Azevedo and Reiner Silveira de Moraes and Julia Franco Ferreira and Teresa Alessandra de Lima Núñez and Regina Kiomi Takahira and Alessandra Melchert and Adriano Sakai Okamoto and Priscylla Tatiana Chalfun Guimarães-Okamoto},
journal = {The veterinary quarterly},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1080/01652176.2026.2706032},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42872736},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Effects of centrifugation-based therapeutic plasma exchange on coagulation parameters in dogs with canine visceral leishmaniasis.
AU - Suellen Rodrigues Maia
AU - Silvano Salgueiro Geraldes
AU - Fábio Dos Santos Nogueira
AU - Maria Gabriela Picelli de Azevedo
AU - Reiner Silveira de Moraes
AU - Julia Franco Ferreira
AU - Teresa Alessandra de Lima Núñez
AU - Regina Kiomi Takahira
AU - Alessandra Melchert
AU - Adriano Sakai Okamoto
AU - Priscylla Tatiana Chalfun Guimarães-Okamoto
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/14
JO - The veterinary quarterly
DO - 10.1080/01652176.2026.2706032
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42872736
AB - As in humans, therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) has been investigated in veterinary medicine for managing immune-mediated diseases such as canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). TPE may improve clinical outcomes by removing circulating immune complexes and excess antibodies; however, its physiological effects must be understood to ensure safety. Given the scarcity of studies in animals, this study evaluated the effects of centrifugation-based TPE in dogs with CVL receiving fresh frozen plasma (FFP) as replacement fluid. Thirty-one dogs with CVL that failed to respond to conventional therapy were allocated to two groups: clinical treatment alone (n = 18) and clinical treatment plus TPE (n = 13). The TPE group underwent one daily session for three consecutive days. Coagulation profiles were assessed before and after each session. A progressive decrease in platelet counts occurred across sessions, but without significant thrombocytopenia or critical alterations in activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) or prothrombin time (PT), which remained within reference ranges. Transient hypocalcemia occurred after the first session and was promptly corrected with calcium gluconate supplementation. Fibrinogen levels decreased mildly without clinical evidence of bleeding. Clinical complications were minimal and effectively managed. In conclusion, TPE was well tolerated, producing predominantly transient and controllable effects on hemostasis and overall clinical homeostasis under the conditions of this study.
SN - 0165-2176
SN - 1875-5941
ER -