Entanglement of back-to-back gluon pair
Abstract
We investigate the polarization correlation of back-to-back gluon pairs in unpolarized pp collisions and compute their density matrix. For gluon pairs produced through qq̅ annihilation, the linear polarization correlation is sizable, even reaching unity when the final-state gluons are emitted perpendicular to the beam direction in the qq̅ rest frame. Combining with the fact that their helicity remains maximally correlated across different scattering angle, the gluon pair system thus resides in a maximally entangled Bell state in this configuration. In contrast, for the gg→ gg channel, both the helicity and linear polarization correlations are considerably suppressed, producing a separable state. Nonetheless, it still retains an appreciable linear polarization correlation of about 11% at central scattering in unpolarized collisions. The linearly polarization correlation of the back-to-back gluon pair can further increase when the incoming gluons are circularly polarized. Employing the anisotropy of energy correlators, we demonstrate that the linear polarization correlation of gluon pairs can be extracted from the cos 2ΔΦ modulation.
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BibTeX
@misc{yang2026entanglement,
title = {{Entanglement of back-to-back gluon pair}},
author = {Lei Yang and Wen-Hao Yao and Yu-Kun Song and Shu-Yi Wei},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2608.17685},
eprint = {2608.17685},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.17685},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Entanglement of back-to-back gluon pair
AU - Lei Yang
AU - Wen-Hao Yao
AU - Yu-Kun Song
AU - Shu-Yi Wei
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/08
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2608.17685
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.17685
AB - We investigate the polarization correlation of back-to-back gluon pairs in unpolarized pp collisions and compute their density matrix. For gluon pairs produced through qq̅ annihilation, the linear polarization correlation is sizable, even reaching unity when the final-state gluons are emitted perpendicular to the beam direction in the qq̅ rest frame. Combining with the fact that their helicity remains maximally correlated across different scattering angle, the gluon pair system thus resides in a maximally entangled Bell state in this configuration. In contrast, for the gg→ gg channel, both the helicity and linear polarization correlations are considerably suppressed, producing a separable state. Nonetheless, it still retains an appreciable linear polarization correlation of about 11% at central scattering in unpolarized collisions. The linearly polarization correlation of the back-to-back gluon pair can further increase when the incoming gluons are circularly polarized. Employing the anisotropy of energy correlators, we demonstrate that the linear polarization correlation of gluon pairs can be extracted from the cos 2ΔΦ modulation.
ER -