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Peer-reviewedCC BYSmall Structures

Decoupling Conjugate Fields in Diffusion Systems via Field‐Line Coordinate Transformations

  • Jiachang Li1
  • Yixin Liu2
  • Xianrong Cao2
  • Hongda Su3
  • Ziang Zhang2
  • Zhenghong Wang2
  • Yuyao Zhu3
  • Hanbin Liu2
  • Yiqin Luo3
  • Liqun He3
  • Gang Zhao2
  • Shiwu Zhang1
  1. 1Institute of Humanoid Robots School of Engineering Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
  2. 2Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
  3. 3Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
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Abstract

In diffusive systems, conjugate fields such as scalar potentials and fluxes are intrinsically coupled through constitutive relations, fundamentally limiting their independent control. Here, we introduce a conjugate‐field decoupling mechanism based on field‐line coordinate transformations, which enables independent manipulation of these quantities within a single physical domain. By performing transformations along equipotential lines and current lines, we show that the geometric mapping of conjugate fields can be selectively preserved or reshaped, thereby lifting their intrinsic coupling constraint. As a result, we realize electric metamaterials in which current and voltage exhibit distinct functionalities, including cloaking, concentration, and rotation. Moreover, a symmetry‐protected functionality exchange emerges under rotated boundary conditions, revealing an underlying geometric duality between conjugate fields. Our work establishes a general paradigm for decoupling conjugate fields in diffusion systems and opens new avenues for multifunctional control in thermal, electrical, and mass transport phenomena.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{li2026decoupling,
  title = {{Decoupling Conjugate Fields in Diffusion Systems via Field‐Line Coordinate Transformations}},
  author = {Jiachang Li and Yixin Liu and Xianrong Cao and Hongda Su and Ziang Zhang and Zhenghong Wang and Yuyao Zhu and Hanbin Liu and Yiqin Luo and Liqun He and Gang Zhao and Shiwu Zhang},
  journal = {Small Structures},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1002/sstr.70642},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.70642},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Decoupling Conjugate Fields in Diffusion Systems via Field‐Line Coordinate Transformations
AU  - Jiachang Li
AU  - Yixin Liu
AU  - Xianrong Cao
AU  - Hongda Su
AU  - Ziang Zhang
AU  - Zhenghong Wang
AU  - Yuyao Zhu
AU  - Hanbin Liu
AU  - Yiqin Luo
AU  - Liqun He
AU  - Gang Zhao
AU  - Shiwu Zhang
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/25
JO  - Small Structures
DO  - 10.1002/sstr.70642
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.70642
AB  - In diffusive systems, conjugate fields such as scalar potentials and fluxes are intrinsically coupled through constitutive relations, fundamentally limiting their independent control. Here, we introduce a conjugate‐field decoupling mechanism based on field‐line coordinate transformations, which enables independent manipulation of these quantities within a single physical domain. By performing transformations along equipotential lines and current lines, we show that the geometric mapping of conjugate fields can be selectively preserved or reshaped, thereby lifting their intrinsic coupling constraint. As a result, we realize electric metamaterials in which current and voltage exhibit distinct functionalities, including cloaking, concentration, and rotation. Moreover, a symmetry‐protected functionality exchange emerges under rotated boundary conditions, revealing an underlying geometric duality between conjugate fields. Our work establishes a general paradigm for decoupling conjugate fields in diffusion systems and opens new avenues for multifunctional control in thermal, electrical, and mass transport phenomena.
SN  - 2688-4062
ER  -