The CGM in a New Light: Emitted Hα, [NII], and [OIII] around Simulated Dwarf Galaxies

@misc{piacitelli2026light,
  title = {{The CGM in a New Light: Emitted H$α$, [NII], and [OIII] around Simulated Dwarf Galaxies}},
  author = {Daniel R. Piacitelli and Alyson M. Brooks and N. Nicole Sanchez and Charlotte Christensen and Chloe Neufeld and Imad Pasha and Pieter van Dokkum and Akaxia Cruz and Ben Keller and Thomas R. Quinn and Sijing Shen and James Wadsley},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.37363},
  eprint = {2610.37363},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.37363},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}

TY  - UNPB
TI  - The CGM in a New Light: Emitted Hα, [NII], and [OIII] around Simulated Dwarf Galaxies
AU  - Daniel R. Piacitelli
AU  - Alyson M. Brooks
AU  - N. Nicole Sanchez
AU  - Charlotte Christensen
AU  - Chloe Neufeld
AU  - Imad Pasha
AU  - Pieter van Dokkum
AU  - Akaxia Cruz
AU  - Ben Keller
AU  - Thomas R. Quinn
AU  - Sijing Shen
AU  - James Wadsley
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/27
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.37363
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.37363
AB  - Mapping the circumgalactic medium (CGM) in emission is a critical next step in understanding its role in the baryon cycle and galaxy evolution, and dwarf galaxies (M_⋆≲ 10^9 M_⊙) are essential laboratories to study the effects of feedback on the CGM. Using the Marvelous Massive Dwarfs simulation suite, we model the CGM surface brightness (SB) around dwarf galaxies in Hα, [NII]λ6583, and [OIII]λ5007, lines accessible to current integral-field spectrographs (e.g., MUSE and KCWI) and to narrow-band imaging with the MOTHRA telephoto array. We investigate trends in SB magnitude, extent, and geometry as well as correlations with gas kinematics, recent star formation, and galaxy size. Emission in the three lines typically traces distinct CGM structures and phases. SB and the size of the emitting region can differ significantly at a given galaxy mass, but enhancements or suppression in either brightness or extent correlate well across lines. Typically, emission is preferentially eccentric and oriented along the galaxy's semi-minor axis. While outflows are key drivers in dispersing metals into the CGM and shaping SB, they remain difficult to identify in SB maps and contribute ∼40% of the total SB across lines and galaxy masses, while inflows contribute ∼50%. Finally, we identify evidence for a positive correlation between SB and recent star formation and weaker but still significant evidence for a negative correlation between SB and HI disk size. These results link CGM emission to both a galaxy's recent star formation and its cumulative evolution, yielding predictions that ongoing surveys can test and further establishing emission mapping as a new window into the baryon cycle.
ER  -