Changes in self-care following a family-based care intervention among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A one-group pretest–posttest study
- 1Universitas Telogorejo, Semarang, Indonesia
Abstract
Background: Self-care is a fundamental component of diabetes management; however, many patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus demonstrate inadequate self-care practices. Family support plays an important role in promoting adherence to medication, dietary management, physical activity, blood glucose monitoring, and foot care, thereby supporting diabetes self-management.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate changes in self-care following a family-based care intervention among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Methods: A quantitative pre-experimental study using a one-group pretest–posttest design was conducted among 30 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus recruited through purposive sampling at Mijen Primary Health Center, Semarang, Indonesia. Participants received a two-week family-based care intervention consisting of structured family education during the first week and family monitoring during the second week. Self-care was assessed before the intervention and immediately after the intervention using the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
Results: Most participants were aged 56–65 years (53.3%), female (56.7%), and had completed elementary school education (40.0%). Before the intervention, most participants were categorized as having fair self-care (53.3%), whereas after the intervention, most were categorized as having good self-care (63.3%). Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed a statistically significant difference between pretest and posttest self-care scores (Z = −4.963, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Participants demonstrated higher self-care scores following the family-based care intervention than before the intervention. These findings provide preliminary evidence that involving family members may support self-care among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in primary healthcare settings. Further controlled studies with larger samples and longer follow-up periods are needed to confirm the effectiveness of this intervention.
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BibTeX
@article{oktaviana2026changes,
title = {{Changes in self-care following a family-based care intervention among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A one-group pretest–posttest study}},
author = {Chika Tiara Oktaviana and Ismonah Ismonah and Dwi Yogo Budi Prabowo},
journal = {Lentera Perawat},
year = {2026},
month = aug,
doi = {10.52235/lp.v7i3.823},
url = {https://doi.org/10.52235/lp.v7i3.823},
note = {CC BY-NC},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Changes in self-care following a family-based care intervention among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A one-group pretest–posttest study
AU - Chika Tiara Oktaviana
AU - Ismonah Ismonah
AU - Dwi Yogo Budi Prabowo
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/08/01
JO - Lentera Perawat
DO - 10.52235/lp.v7i3.823
UR - https://doi.org/10.52235/lp.v7i3.823
AB - Background: Self-care is a fundamental component of diabetes management; however, many patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus demonstrate inadequate self-care practices. Family support plays an important role in promoting adherence to medication, dietary management, physical activity, blood glucose monitoring, and foot care, thereby supporting diabetes self-management. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate changes in self-care following a family-based care intervention among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A quantitative pre-experimental study using a one-group pretest–posttest design was conducted among 30 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus recruited through purposive sampling at Mijen Primary Health Center, Semarang, Indonesia. Participants received a two-week family-based care intervention consisting of structured family education during the first week and family monitoring during the second week. Self-care was assessed before the intervention and immediately after the intervention using the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: Most participants were aged 56–65 years (53.3%), female (56.7%), and had completed elementary school education (40.0%). Before the intervention, most participants were categorized as having fair self-care (53.3%), whereas after the intervention, most were categorized as having good self-care (63.3%). Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed a statistically significant difference between pretest and posttest self-care scores (Z = −4.963, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Participants demonstrated higher self-care scores following the family-based care intervention than before the intervention. These findings provide preliminary evidence that involving family members may support self-care among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in primary healthcare settings. Further controlled studies with larger samples and longer follow-up periods are needed to confirm the effectiveness of this intervention.
SN - 2722-2837
SN - 2830-1846
ER -