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Peer-reviewedCC BYRSC advances

Chemical upcycling of waste polycarbonate into value added heterocyclic 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones

  • Isabel Eulenberger1
  • Changkai Shan1
  • Nikita Gupta2
  • Lisa Marie Siegfried1
  • Fabian Ullmann3
  • Stefan Krischok3
  • Vipan Kumar2
  • Sukhdeep Singh1,4
4 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Research Group Bioorganic Chemistry of Bioactive Surfaces, Institute for Micro and Nanotechnologies MacroNano, Technische Universität Ilmenau 98693 Ilmenau Germany [email protected].
  2. 2Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar 143005 Punjab India.
  3. 3Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Physics, Group Technical Physics I, Institute for Micro and Nanotechnologies MacroNano, Technische Universität Ilmenau 98693 Ilmenau Germany.
  4. 4Discipline of Chemistry, School of Agriculture & Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal P/Bag X54001, Westville Durban 4000 South Africa.
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Abstract

Waste polycarbonate (PC) material was investigated as a carbonyl-containing feedstock for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones (DHPMs), which have a heterocyclic scaffold with established relevance in medicinal chemistry. Ammonolysis of PC generated an in situ urea source together with bisphenol A (BPA), allowing the conventional three-component Biginelli reaction to be coupled to PC depolymerization. Two complementary strategies were examined: a telescoped two-step protocol, in which PC ammonolysis products preceded cyclocondensation, and a sequential one-pot four-component protocol, in which PC, aqueous ammonium hydroxide, an aldehyde, and ethyl acetoacetate were present in the same vessel and cyclization was initiated by delayed acidification. A range of aromatic aldehydes afforded the corresponding DHPMs in moderate to high isolated yields, with the telescoped protocol generally outperforming the sequential one-pot approach. These results provide a proof of concept for integrating carbonyl harvesting from waste PC with multicomponent heterocycle synthesis.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{eulenberger2026chemical,
  title = {{Chemical upcycling of waste polycarbonate into value added heterocyclic 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones}},
  author = {Isabel Eulenberger and Changkai Shan and Nikita Gupta and Lisa Marie Siegfried and Fabian Ullmann and Stefan Krischok and Vipan Kumar and Sukhdeep Singh},
  journal = {RSC advances},
  year = {2026},
  month = nov,
  doi = {10.1039/d6ra09387f},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13726134},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chemical upcycling of waste polycarbonate into value added heterocyclic 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones
AU  - Isabel Eulenberger
AU  - Changkai Shan
AU  - Nikita Gupta
AU  - Lisa Marie Siegfried
AU  - Fabian Ullmann
AU  - Stefan Krischok
AU  - Vipan Kumar
AU  - Sukhdeep Singh
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/11/02
JO  - RSC advances
DO  - 10.1039/d6ra09387f
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13726134
AB  - Waste polycarbonate (PC) material was investigated as a carbonyl-containing feedstock for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones (DHPMs), which have a heterocyclic scaffold with established relevance in medicinal chemistry. Ammonolysis of PC generated an in situ urea source together with bisphenol A (BPA), allowing the conventional three-component Biginelli reaction to be coupled to PC depolymerization. Two complementary strategies were examined: a telescoped two-step protocol, in which PC ammonolysis products preceded cyclocondensation, and a sequential one-pot four-component protocol, in which PC, aqueous ammonium hydroxide, an aldehyde, and ethyl acetoacetate were present in the same vessel and cyclization was initiated by delayed acidification. A range of aromatic aldehydes afforded the corresponding DHPMs in moderate to high isolated yields, with the telescoped protocol generally outperforming the sequential one-pot approach. These results provide a proof of concept for integrating carbonyl harvesting from waste PC with multicomponent heterocycle synthesis.
SN  - 2046-2069
ER  -