Physiological and Redox Responses of Siamese Crocodiles (Crocodylus siamensis Schneider, 1801) to Progressive Thermal Exposure.
- 1Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhonratchasima Rajabhat University, Nakhonratchasima 30000, Thailand.
- 2Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44000, Thailand.
- 3Stress and Oxidative Stress in Animal Research Unit, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44000, Thailand.
Abstract
Acute temperature elevation can challenge physiological regulation and cellular redox homeostasis in ectotherms, yet integrated physiological and redox responses remain poorly characterized in the Siamese crocodile (Crocodylus siamensis Schneider, 1801). This study aimed to evaluate physiological responses during acute warming and characterize biochemical responses in pooled blood cells. Six crocodiles were exposed to temperatures of 30-38 °C, while pooled blood cells were incubated at 30-40 °C. Body temperature increased from 31.35 ± 0.15 °C at 30 °C to 37.48 ± 0.20 °C at 38 °C (p < 0.0001), while pulse rate increased from 42.50 ± 5.82 bpm at 34 °C to 62.38 ± 6.33 bpm at 36 °C (p < 0.05); blood oxygen saturation remained unchanged. Within the pooled preparation, hydrogen peroxide increased and glutathione peroxidase activity decreased at higher temperatures (p < 0.05), accompanied by alterations in ferric iron, lipid hydroperoxide, and malondialdehyde. Mitochondrial activity, total antioxidant capacity, nitric oxide, and protein oxidation remained unchanged. Because the biochemical experiment comprised one pooled biological preparation, these results represent within-preparation responses rather than population-level effects. These findings provide an integrated characterization of whole-animal physiological responses and complementary changes in redox balance, iron status, and lipid peroxidation during acute warming in Siamese crocodiles.
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BibTeX
@article{kusolrat2026physiological,
title = {{Physiological and Redox Responses of Siamese Crocodiles (Crocodylus siamensis Schneider, 1801) to Progressive Thermal Exposure.}},
author = {Prayuth Kusolrat and Jittraporn Prakaotan and Thitipat Boonsit and Pornnipa Chanpakdee and Mattanawan Jiranuchaiwattana and Worapol Aengwanich},
journal = {Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3390/antiox15101309},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42939883},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Physiological and Redox Responses of Siamese Crocodiles (Crocodylus siamensis Schneider, 1801) to Progressive Thermal Exposure.
AU - Prayuth Kusolrat
AU - Jittraporn Prakaotan
AU - Thitipat Boonsit
AU - Pornnipa Chanpakdee
AU - Mattanawan Jiranuchaiwattana
AU - Worapol Aengwanich
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/11
JO - Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
DO - 10.3390/antiox15101309
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42939883
AB - Acute temperature elevation can challenge physiological regulation and cellular redox homeostasis in ectotherms, yet integrated physiological and redox responses remain poorly characterized in the Siamese crocodile (Crocodylus siamensis Schneider, 1801). This study aimed to evaluate physiological responses during acute warming and characterize biochemical responses in pooled blood cells. Six crocodiles were exposed to temperatures of 30-38 °C, while pooled blood cells were incubated at 30-40 °C. Body temperature increased from 31.35 ± 0.15 °C at 30 °C to 37.48 ± 0.20 °C at 38 °C (p < 0.0001), while pulse rate increased from 42.50 ± 5.82 bpm at 34 °C to 62.38 ± 6.33 bpm at 36 °C (p < 0.05); blood oxygen saturation remained unchanged. Within the pooled preparation, hydrogen peroxide increased and glutathione peroxidase activity decreased at higher temperatures (p < 0.05), accompanied by alterations in ferric iron, lipid hydroperoxide, and malondialdehyde. Mitochondrial activity, total antioxidant capacity, nitric oxide, and protein oxidation remained unchanged. Because the biochemical experiment comprised one pooled biological preparation, these results represent within-preparation responses rather than population-level effects. These findings provide an integrated characterization of whole-animal physiological responses and complementary changes in redox balance, iron status, and lipid peroxidation during acute warming in Siamese crocodiles.
SN - 2076-3921
ER -