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PreprintCC BY-NC-ND 4.0arXiv

Skyrmion and meron phases induced by spin-phonon coupling

  • E. Iroulart
  • F. A. Gómez Albarracín
  • H. Diego Rosales
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Abstract

In chiral magnets, magnetic skyrmions are typically stabilized by the competition between exchange and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interactions under an external magnetic field, while the role of lattice degrees of freedom has received comparatively less attention. Here we study how spin-phonon (SP) coupling modifies magnetic interactions and the resulting spin textures in a two-dimensional skyrmion model in the square lattice. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we compare two simplified models describing the SP coupling: the Einstein site-phonon (ESP) and bond-phonon (BP) models. Integrating the lattice degrees of freedom, we obtain effective Hamiltonians for each SP model, which involve three-spin interactions and quadratic terms. In both cases, skyrmion crystals are stabilized in field regimes that are topologically trivial in the uncoupled model. Moreover, in certain regimes, the conventional triple-qv hexagonal skyrmion lattice is distorted into a double-qv square skyrmion lattice. Additionally, we find that, in the ESP model, strong phonon coupling affecting the exchange interactions drives the system from typical low-field helical phases to meron-antimeron crystals with no net chirality. Overall, our results show that lattice effects provide a simple mechanism to tune a wide variety of topological magnetic phases, ranging from typical skyrmion crystals to distorted arrangements of skyrmions, elongated bimerons and meron-antimeron phases.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@misc{iroulart2026skyrmion,
  title = {{Skyrmion and meron phases induced by spin-phonon coupling}},
  author = {E. Iroulart and F. A. Gómez Albarracín and H. Diego Rosales},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2606.02793},
  eprint = {2606.02793},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.02793},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - UNPB
TI  - Skyrmion and meron phases induced by spin-phonon coupling
AU  - E. Iroulart
AU  - F. A. Gómez Albarracín
AU  - H. Diego Rosales
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/06
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2606.02793
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.02793
AB  - In chiral magnets, magnetic skyrmions are typically stabilized by the competition between exchange and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interactions under an external magnetic field, while the role of lattice degrees of freedom has received comparatively less attention. Here we study how spin-phonon (SP) coupling modifies magnetic interactions and the resulting spin textures in a two-dimensional skyrmion model in the square lattice. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we compare two simplified models describing the SP coupling: the Einstein site-phonon (ESP) and bond-phonon (BP) models. Integrating the lattice degrees of freedom, we obtain effective Hamiltonians for each SP model, which involve three-spin interactions and quadratic terms. In both cases, skyrmion crystals are stabilized in field regimes that are topologically trivial in the uncoupled model. Moreover, in certain regimes, the conventional triple-qv hexagonal skyrmion lattice is distorted into a double-qv square skyrmion lattice. Additionally, we find that, in the ESP model, strong phonon coupling affecting the exchange interactions drives the system from typical low-field helical phases to meron-antimeron crystals with no net chirality. Overall, our results show that lattice effects provide a simple mechanism to tune a wide variety of topological magnetic phases, ranging from typical skyrmion crystals to distorted arrangements of skyrmions, elongated bimerons and meron-antimeron phases.
ER  -