Advances in electrochemical immunosensors for tuberculosis detection: a systematic review
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health challenge, emphasizing the need for rapid and reliable diagnostic tools. As technologies move toward simplicity, portability, and real-time analysis, electrochemical biosensors have emerged as promising solutions for effective and sustainable TB detection. This systematic review highlights recent progress in electrochemical immunosensors for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science identified 19 relevant studies targeting antigens such as Ag85, ESAT-6, CFP-10, MPT64, LAM, and Hsp16, with one study detecting anti-LAM antibodies. Electrode modifiers were categorized into metallic nanoparticles, conductive polymers, carbon-based nanocomposites, and ternary hybrids. Although carbon-based nanomaterials offer excellent conductivity and biocompatibility, their use in TB immunosensors remains limited. A growing trend toward label-free formats reflects the need for pointof-care compatibility. Advances in nanomaterials have improved sensor performance, but further research using next-generation modifiers and nanozymes is needed to enhance sensitivity and reproducibility.
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BibTeX
@article{radfar2026advances,
title = {{Advances in electrochemical immunosensors for tuberculosis detection: a systematic review}},
author = {Sasan Radfar and Mostafa Teymuri and Michael Holzinger and Shima Mahmoudi},
journal = {Biotechnology Reports},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1016/j.btre.2026.e00967},
url = {https://hal.science/hal-05800238v1},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Advances in electrochemical immunosensors for tuberculosis detection: a systematic review
AU - Sasan Radfar
AU - Mostafa Teymuri
AU - Michael Holzinger
AU - Shima Mahmoudi
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/14
JO - Biotechnology Reports
DO - 10.1016/j.btre.2026.e00967
UR - https://hal.science/hal-05800238v1
AB - Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health challenge, emphasizing the need for rapid and reliable diagnostic tools. As technologies move toward simplicity, portability, and real-time analysis, electrochemical biosensors have emerged as promising solutions for effective and sustainable TB detection. This systematic review highlights recent progress in electrochemical immunosensors for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science identified 19 relevant studies targeting antigens such as Ag85, ESAT-6, CFP-10, MPT64, LAM, and Hsp16, with one study detecting anti-LAM antibodies. Electrode modifiers were categorized into metallic nanoparticles, conductive polymers, carbon-based nanocomposites, and ternary hybrids. Although carbon-based nanomaterials offer excellent conductivity and biocompatibility, their use in TB immunosensors remains limited. A growing trend toward label-free formats reflects the need for pointof-care compatibility. Advances in nanomaterials have improved sensor performance, but further research using next-generation modifiers and nanozymes is needed to enhance sensitivity and reproducibility.
SN - 2215-017X
ER -