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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC-NDJournal of translational medicine

Target-area dosimetry-guided photobiomodulation improves pathology and cognitive function in APPswe/PS1dE9 mice.

  • Shisheng Cao1,2,3
  • Yongqiang Chen1,2,3
  • Jinze Li1,2,3
  • Zixing Li1,2,3
  • Dazhuang Liu1,2,3
  • Langdi Zhong1,2,3
  • Xiaoxi Dong4,5,6
  • Jianwu Dai7,8,9
  • Huijuan Yin10,11,12
12 affiliations
  1. 1Integrative Regeneration Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China.
  2. 2State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 301600, China.
  3. 3Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation and Neurorepair, Tianjin, 300192, China.
  4. 4Integrative Regeneration Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China. [email protected].
  5. 5State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 301600, China. [email protected].
  6. 6Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation and Neurorepair, Tianjin, 300192, China. [email protected].
  7. 7Integrative Regeneration Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China. [email protected].
  8. 8State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 301600, China. [email protected].
  9. 9Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation and Neurorepair, Tianjin, 300192, China. [email protected].
  10. 10Integrative Regeneration Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China. [email protected].
  11. 11State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 301600, China. [email protected].
  12. 12Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation and Neurorepair, Tianjin, 300192, China. [email protected].
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Abstract

Background

Photobiomodulation (PBM) has shown potential in Alzheimer's disease (AD) models, but substantial heterogeneity in irradiation parameters and the lack of intracerebral dose quantification have limited reproducibility and mechanistic interpretation. In transcranial PBM, surface power density does not reliably reflect energy delivery to brain targets due to wavelength-dependent tissue attenuation.Methods

We developed a target-area dosimetry- guided PBM framework by integrating Monte Carlo-based light transport modeling with inverse calibration for selected representative wavelength-target conditions. Based on these simulations, inverse calibration was performed for selected representative wavelength-target combinations, with 810 nm irradiation optimized for PFC-directed PBM and 1060 nm, 40 Hz pulsed irradiation optimized for HIPP-directed PBM. APPswe/PS1dE9 mice received region-oriented and comparative PBM treatments, followed by behavioral, pathological, and electrophysiological assessments.Results

Monte Carlo simulations revealed marked wavelength-dependent differences in intracerebral light distribution under identical surface irradiation. Inverse calibration supported the selection of region-specific irradiation parameters and highlighted the need to consider target-area light exposure rather than surface power alone. Among the tested irradiation conditions, PBM improved spatial learning and memory and modulated amyloid burden, neuroinflammatory responses, synaptic markers, and neural network activity. Among these treatments, combined hippocampal irradiation with 810 nm and 1060 nm light produced the most consistent overall responses, while 810 nm PFC irradiation also showed beneficial effects across several outcome measures.Conclusions

These findings support target-area dosimetry as an important physical consideration for the design and interpretation of region-oriented PBM protocols in AD models. By integrating intracerebral light propagation modeling with biological evaluation, this study provides a methodological framework for improving PBM parameter selection and guiding future optimization of transcranial PBM interventions.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{cao2026targetarea,
  title = {{Target-area dosimetry-guided photobiomodulation improves pathology and cognitive function in APPswe/PS1dE9 mice.}},
  author = {Shisheng Cao and Yongqiang Chen and Jinze Li and Zixing Li and Dazhuang Liu and Langdi Zhong and Xiaoxi Dong and Jianwu Dai and Huijuan Yin},
  journal = {Journal of translational medicine},
  year = {2026},
  month = jul,
  doi = {10.1186/s12967-026-08734-6},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42958401},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Target-area dosimetry-guided photobiomodulation improves pathology and cognitive function in APPswe/PS1dE9 mice.
AU  - Shisheng Cao
AU  - Yongqiang Chen
AU  - Jinze Li
AU  - Zixing Li
AU  - Dazhuang Liu
AU  - Langdi Zhong
AU  - Xiaoxi Dong
AU  - Jianwu Dai
AU  - Huijuan Yin
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/07/31
JO  - Journal of translational medicine
DO  - 10.1186/s12967-026-08734-6
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42958401
AB  - Background  Photobiomodulation (PBM) has shown potential in Alzheimer's disease (AD) models, but substantial heterogeneity in irradiation parameters and the lack of intracerebral dose quantification have limited reproducibility and mechanistic interpretation. In transcranial PBM, surface power density does not reliably reflect energy delivery to brain targets due to wavelength-dependent tissue attenuation.Methods  We developed a target-area dosimetry- guided PBM framework by integrating Monte Carlo-based light transport modeling with inverse calibration for selected representative wavelength-target conditions. Based on these simulations, inverse calibration was performed for selected representative wavelength-target combinations, with 810 nm irradiation optimized for PFC-directed PBM and 1060 nm, 40 Hz pulsed irradiation optimized for HIPP-directed PBM. APPswe/PS1dE9 mice received region-oriented and comparative PBM treatments, followed by behavioral, pathological, and electrophysiological assessments.Results  Monte Carlo simulations revealed marked wavelength-dependent differences in intracerebral light distribution under identical surface irradiation. Inverse calibration supported the selection of region-specific irradiation parameters and highlighted the need to consider target-area light exposure rather than surface power alone. Among the tested irradiation conditions, PBM improved spatial learning and memory and modulated amyloid burden, neuroinflammatory responses, synaptic markers, and neural network activity. Among these treatments, combined hippocampal irradiation with 810 nm and 1060 nm light produced the most consistent overall responses, while 810 nm PFC irradiation also showed beneficial effects across several outcome measures.Conclusions  These findings support target-area dosimetry as an important physical consideration for the design and interpretation of region-oriented PBM protocols in AD models. By integrating intracerebral light propagation modeling with biological evaluation, this study provides a methodological framework for improving PBM parameter selection and guiding future optimization of transcranial PBM interventions.
SN  - 1479-5876
ER  -