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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC-NDNature communications

Divergent genome fractionation and adaptation following polyploidy in the Araliaceae.

  • Jia-Qing Lei1
  • Yu-Qian Niu1
  • Xin-Feng Wang2
  • Jia-Hui Hai1
  • Hai-Xin Yu1
  • Yu-Xuan Feng1
  • Bao Liu3
  • Jonathan Wendel4
  • Lin-Feng Li5
5 affiliations
  1. 1State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
  2. 2State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China. [email protected].
  3. 3Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.
  4. 4Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
  5. 5State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. [email protected].
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Abstract

Cyclic polyploidization/diploidization is a driving force in the evolution of eukaryotes. It remains unclear how post-polyploidy reshuffling of ancestral genomes is correlated with evolutionary and ecological diversification. The Araliaceae consists of > 1500 diverse species of herbs, shrubs and trees, which have undergone several polyploidization/diploidization events and have adapted to different forest ecosystem habitats. Here, by leveraging 20 genomes/subgenomes and 561 transcriptomes, we demonstrate that the genome architecture and transcriptional landscape of extant Araliaceae have undergone remodeling associated with polyploidizations/diploidizations. Phenotypic comparisons revealed that phylogenetically distinct species of the Araliaceae have repeatedly evolved shade- and open-habitat phenotypes, accompanied by leaf morphology, efficiency of photosynthesis and carbon fixation. Biased genetic fractionation and transcriptional remodeling of the photomorphogenesis (e.g. PhyB and PIFs) and photosynthesis (e.g. Lhcb-1 and Rubisco) networks are associated with this ecological adaptation. Our study provides evidence that post-polyploidy reshuffling and fractionation correlate with phenotypic and ecological diversification.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{lei2026divergent,
  title = {{Divergent genome fractionation and adaptation following polyploidy in the Araliaceae.}},
  author = {Jia-Qing Lei and Yu-Qian Niu and Xin-Feng Wang and Jia-Hui Hai and Hai-Xin Yu and Yu-Xuan Feng and Bao Liu and Jonathan Wendel and Lin-Feng Li},
  journal = {Nature communications},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.1038/s41467-026-77785-6},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42897195},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Divergent genome fractionation and adaptation following polyploidy in the Araliaceae.
AU  - Jia-Qing Lei
AU  - Yu-Qian Niu
AU  - Xin-Feng Wang
AU  - Jia-Hui Hai
AU  - Hai-Xin Yu
AU  - Yu-Xuan Feng
AU  - Bao Liu
AU  - Jonathan Wendel
AU  - Lin-Feng Li
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/17
JO  - Nature communications
DO  - 10.1038/s41467-026-77785-6
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42897195
AB  - Cyclic polyploidization/diploidization is a driving force in the evolution of eukaryotes. It remains unclear how post-polyploidy reshuffling of ancestral genomes is correlated with evolutionary and ecological diversification. The Araliaceae consists of > 1500 diverse species of herbs, shrubs and trees, which have undergone several polyploidization/diploidization events and have adapted to different forest ecosystem habitats. Here, by leveraging 20 genomes/subgenomes and 561 transcriptomes, we demonstrate that the genome architecture and transcriptional landscape of extant Araliaceae have undergone remodeling associated with polyploidizations/diploidizations. Phenotypic comparisons revealed that phylogenetically distinct species of the Araliaceae have repeatedly evolved shade- and open-habitat phenotypes, accompanied by leaf morphology, efficiency of photosynthesis and carbon fixation. Biased genetic fractionation and transcriptional remodeling of the photomorphogenesis (e.g. PhyB and PIFs) and photosynthesis (e.g. Lhcb-1 and Rubisco) networks are associated with this ecological adaptation. Our study provides evidence that post-polyploidy reshuffling and fractionation correlate with phenotypic and ecological diversification.
SN  - 2041-1723
ER  -