Microbiological Quality and Analysis of Escherichia coli Resistance to Antibiotics in Beaches: Evaluating Anthropic Influence in Surface Waters in Brazil.
6 affiliations
- 1Graduate Program in Environmental Management (PPGAMB), Universidade Positivo, Curitiba, Brazil.
- 2Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology Fluminense - IFFluminense Campus Itaboraí, Itaboraí, Brazil.
- 3PPG Ecology and Natural Resources, North Fluminense State University Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil.
- 4Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology Fluminense - IFFluminense Campus Campos Guarus, Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil.
- 5Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology Fluminense - IFFluminense Campus Campos Centro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil.
- 6School of Engineering, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, British Columbia, Canada.
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a problem for public health. We sought to assess the multiple antibiotic resistance analyses by searching for resistant microorganisms in five Brazilian beaches. The analyses showed pH (5.2-8.5), temperature (21.2°C-27.5°C), and dissolved oxygen (DO) (4.0-8.5 mg L⁻¹). Bacterial indicators peaked during the high season, notably at Beach 5 (4.60 × 10² ± 1.71 × 10² MPN.100 mL⁻¹), although Beaches 1 (p 0.056) and 2 (p 0.097) showed significant seasonal coliform variation (p < 0.10). Overall, 83.3% of isolated Escherichia coli strains were resistant to at least one antibiotic, mainly strains resistant to imipenem (45.0%) and cefazolin (35.0%). Multivariate analysis explained 86.70% of the variance, which resulted in high antibiotic resistance index-IRAp (e.g., IRApBeach5 0.818, IRApBeach1 0.273) and multiple antibiotic resistance (MARBeach2 = 0.60). Significant anthropogenic pressure-driven by untreated wastewater, proximity to the continent, ports, industrial complexes, and overpopulation contributed to the proliferation of resistant microorganisms, whereas rainfall leakage contributed to resilience in the area.
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BibTeX
@article{elias2026microbiological,
title = {{Microbiological Quality and Analysis of Escherichia coli Resistance to Antibiotics in Beaches: Evaluating Anthropic Influence in Surface Waters in Brazil.}},
author = {Monica M Elias and Francini Dos R Henrique and Philipe R Gomes and Daniele G Dos Santos and Roberta R Rangel and Layanne A Mendonça and Eliane C de Vasconcelos and Maurício Dziedzic and Cíntia Mara R de Oliveira},
journal = {Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1002/wer.70645},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42957600},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Microbiological Quality and Analysis of Escherichia coli Resistance to Antibiotics in Beaches: Evaluating Anthropic Influence in Surface Waters in Brazil.
AU - Monica M Elias
AU - Francini Dos R Henrique
AU - Philipe R Gomes
AU - Daniele G Dos Santos
AU - Roberta R Rangel
AU - Layanne A Mendonça
AU - Eliane C de Vasconcelos
AU - Maurício Dziedzic
AU - Cíntia Mara R de Oliveira
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/29
JO - Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation
DO - 10.1002/wer.70645
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42957600
AB - Antimicrobial resistance is a problem for public health. We sought to assess the multiple antibiotic resistance analyses by searching for resistant microorganisms in five Brazilian beaches. The analyses showed pH (5.2-8.5), temperature (21.2°C-27.5°C), and dissolved oxygen (DO) (4.0-8.5 mg L⁻¹). Bacterial indicators peaked during the high season, notably at Beach 5 (4.60 × 10² ± 1.71 × 10² MPN.100 mL⁻¹), although Beaches 1 (p 0.056) and 2 (p 0.097) showed significant seasonal coliform variation (p < 0.10). Overall, 83.3% of isolated Escherichia coli strains were resistant to at least one antibiotic, mainly strains resistant to imipenem (45.0%) and cefazolin (35.0%). Multivariate analysis explained 86.70% of the variance, which resulted in high antibiotic resistance index-IRAp (e.g., IRApBeach5 0.818, IRApBeach1 0.273) and multiple antibiotic resistance (MARBeach2 = 0.60). Significant anthropogenic pressure-driven by untreated wastewater, proximity to the continent, ports, industrial complexes, and overpopulation contributed to the proliferation of resistant microorganisms, whereas rainfall leakage contributed to resilience in the area.
SN - 1061-4303
SN - 1554-7531
ER -