Active Faraday reactions in a polyaniline and titanium carbide MXene composite for enhanced supercapacitive performance
5 affiliations
- 1Electrochemical Material Synthesis and Devices Lab, Department of Physics, COMSATS University Islamabad 45550 Pakistan
- 2Sunway Centre for Electrochemical Energy and Sustainable Technology (SCEEST), School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Jalan Universiti No. 5, Bandar Sunway Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500 Malaysia
- 3Department of Applied Physics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha University (SIMATS) Chennai India
- 4Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Business and Technology Jeddah 21361 Saudi Arabia
- 5School of Electrical and Information Engineering Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 China
Abstract
Energy storage research has been pushed hard in recent years, largely because the demand for efficient and sustainable solutions keeps growing. Supercapacitors, in particular, came into the spotlight in recent years. They deliver high power and hold up well over long cycle life, but they store less energy per unit mass and this is the genuine obstacle to their widespread commercial application. To address this, we report a facile and scalable physical blending approach to prepare a Ti3C2Tx MXene-polyaniline composite with significantly enhanced energy storage performance. The stacked lamellar structured Ti3C2Tx MXene, extracted from a Ti3AlC2 MAX phase precursor, provides a highly conductive framework, while PANI offers abundant redox-active sites. This used approach allows effective interfacial contact between Ti3C2Tx sheets and PANI while preserving the layer structure of the MXene. Characterization tools such as XRD, SEM, and EDS confirmed the successful extraction of stacked lamellar Ti3C2Tx MXene with minimal Al content, and the preparation of the Ti3C2Tx/PANI composite without showing impurities. The electrochemical analysis of the synthesized Ti3C2Tx/PANI nanocomposite shows improved gravimetric capacitance (CSP) of 839.2 Fg−1 at 1 Ag−1, which is substantially greater than that of the pure MXene (413.5 Fg−1) and PANI (615.8 Fg−1). The prepared electrode achieved an energy density (Ed) of 41.9 Wh kg−1 at a power density (Pd) of 300 W kg−1. Furthermore, the two-electrode measurements of Ti3C2Tx/PANI//AC displayed enhanced CSP of 158.4 Fg−1 with an improved Ed of 140.8 Wh kg−1. The Ti3C2Tx/PANI//AC displayed stability of 102.6% at the end of 1000 cycles. These findings demonstrate that the Ti3C2Tx/PANI can be adopted as an optimal choice for supercapacitors.
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BibTeX
@article{munir2026active,
title = {{Active Faraday reactions in a polyaniline and titanium carbide MXene composite for enhanced supercapacitive performance}},
author = {Haris Munir and Mehran Saeed and Shumaila Karamat and Arshid Numan and Hassan Masood and Muhammad I. Masud and Muhammad Kashif},
journal = {RSC Advances},
year = {2026},
month = nov,
doi = {10.1039/d6ra04692d},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1039/d6ra04692d},
note = {CC BY-NC 3.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Active Faraday reactions in a polyaniline and titanium carbide MXene composite for enhanced supercapacitive performance
AU - Haris Munir
AU - Mehran Saeed
AU - Shumaila Karamat
AU - Arshid Numan
AU - Hassan Masood
AU - Muhammad I. Masud
AU - Muhammad Kashif
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/11/04
JO - RSC Advances
DO - 10.1039/d6ra04692d
UR - https://doi.org/10.1039/d6ra04692d
AB - Energy storage research has been pushed hard in recent years, largely because the demand for efficient and sustainable solutions keeps growing. Supercapacitors, in particular, came into the spotlight in recent years. They deliver high power and hold up well over long cycle life, but they store less energy per unit mass and this is the genuine obstacle to their widespread commercial application. To address this, we report a facile and scalable physical blending approach to prepare a Ti3C2Tx MXene-polyaniline composite with significantly enhanced energy storage performance. The stacked lamellar structured Ti3C2Tx MXene, extracted from a Ti3AlC2 MAX phase precursor, provides a highly conductive framework, while PANI offers abundant redox-active sites. This used approach allows effective interfacial contact between Ti3C2Tx sheets and PANI while preserving the layer structure of the MXene. Characterization tools such as XRD, SEM, and EDS confirmed the successful extraction of stacked lamellar Ti3C2Tx MXene with minimal Al content, and the preparation of the Ti3C2Tx/PANI composite without showing impurities. The electrochemical analysis of the synthesized Ti3C2Tx/PANI nanocomposite shows improved gravimetric capacitance (CSP) of 839.2 Fg−1 at 1 Ag−1, which is substantially greater than that of the pure MXene (413.5 Fg−1) and PANI (615.8 Fg−1). The prepared electrode achieved an energy density (Ed) of 41.9 Wh kg−1 at a power density (Pd) of 300 W kg−1. Furthermore, the two-electrode measurements of Ti3C2Tx/PANI//AC displayed enhanced CSP of 158.4 Fg−1 with an improved Ed of 140.8 Wh kg−1. The Ti3C2Tx/PANI//AC displayed stability of 102.6% at the end of 1000 cycles. These findings demonstrate that the Ti3C2Tx/PANI can be adopted as an optimal choice for supercapacitors.
SN - 2046-2069
ER -