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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Mathematics

Coordinated Design of Extended-State Observer-Based SOGI-PLL and Optimized Voltage Feedforward for Enhanced Disturbance Rejection

  • Xiaoguang Kong1
  • Feixian Chen1
  • Xiaotian Xu1
  • Xiaonan Dong1
  1. 1School of Information Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
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Abstract

Under weak-grid conditions, phase-locked loops (PLLs) are essential for synchronizing grid-connected inverters with the utility grid. However, conventional PLLs suffer from insufficient DC-offset and harmonic rejection capabilities, and the coupling between PLL dynamics and grid-voltage feedforward (GVF) may lead to system instability under weak-grid conditions. To address these issues, this paper proposes an extended-state third-order generalized integrator PLL (ES-TOGI PLL) with an enhanced voltage feedforward path. The ES-TOGI structure integrates a DC-offset estimation module and an inertial compensation loop, which suppresses the DC component from 0.0355% to 0.0135% and attenuates the third harmonic from 0.161% to 0.137% under distorted grid conditions. Meanwhile, the enhanced feedforward path, implemented via all-pass and high-pass filters, improves the system phase margin and ensures stable operation under weak-grid conditions with a short-circuit ratio (SCR) of 2. Experimental results demonstrate that the ES-TOGI PLL reduces the output current of total harmonic distortion (THD) from 7.70% (without PLL) to 5.75%, and the enhanced feedforward further lowers the THD to 4.63%, outperforming conventional SOGI, ESOGI, and AFAPLL structures. These results confirm that the proposed ES-TOGI PLL with enhanced feedforward provides an effective solution for robust grid synchronization under non-ideal grid conditions.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{kong2026coordinated,
  title = {{Coordinated Design of Extended-State Observer-Based SOGI-PLL and Optimized Voltage Feedforward for Enhanced Disturbance Rejection}},
  author = {Xiaoguang Kong and Feixian Chen and Xiaotian Xu and Xiaonan Dong},
  journal = {Mathematics},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3390/math14193620},
  url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/14/19/3620},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Coordinated Design of Extended-State Observer-Based SOGI-PLL and Optimized Voltage Feedforward for Enhanced Disturbance Rejection
AU  - Xiaoguang Kong
AU  - Feixian Chen
AU  - Xiaotian Xu
AU  - Xiaonan Dong
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/07
JO  - Mathematics
DO  - 10.3390/math14193620
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/14/19/3620
AB  - Under weak-grid conditions, phase-locked loops (PLLs) are essential for synchronizing grid-connected inverters with the utility grid. However, conventional PLLs suffer from insufficient DC-offset and harmonic rejection capabilities, and the coupling between PLL dynamics and grid-voltage feedforward (GVF) may lead to system instability under weak-grid conditions. To address these issues, this paper proposes an extended-state third-order generalized integrator PLL (ES-TOGI PLL) with an enhanced voltage feedforward path. The ES-TOGI structure integrates a DC-offset estimation module and an inertial compensation loop, which suppresses the DC component from 0.0355% to 0.0135% and attenuates the third harmonic from 0.161% to 0.137% under distorted grid conditions. Meanwhile, the enhanced feedforward path, implemented via all-pass and high-pass filters, improves the system phase margin and ensures stable operation under weak-grid conditions with a short-circuit ratio (SCR) of 2. Experimental results demonstrate that the ES-TOGI PLL reduces the output current of total harmonic distortion (THD) from 7.70% (without PLL) to 5.75%, and the enhanced feedforward further lowers the THD to 4.63%, outperforming conventional SOGI, ESOGI, and AFAPLL structures. These results confirm that the proposed ES-TOGI PLL with enhanced feedforward provides an effective solution for robust grid synchronization under non-ideal grid conditions.
SN  - 2227-7390
ER  -