Dynamical resource theory of time-reversal symmetry breaking
Abstract
Time-reversal symmetry and its violation (T-violation) are fundamental across diverse physics domains, from particle physics to fluctuation theorems and reciprocity. While time-reversal symmetry for isolated systems is simply determined by the Hamiltonian, quantifying the magnitude of T-violation, especially in noisy quantum processes, has been a subject of ongoing debate. Here, we propose an operationally meaningful framework to quantify the intrinsic T-violation of quantum channels. We integrate operationally defined time-reversal transformations into dynamical resource theory to formulate T-violation as a resource. T-violation decomposes into two distinct components: kinematic T-violation originating from antiunitary motion-reversal, and nonunitality driven purely by thermodynamics. This decomposition resolves the longstanding confusion between broken time-reversal symmetry and non-invertibility. Finally, we analyze the resulting resource theory of kinematic T-violation, showing that it is neither quality-like nor quantity-like, and proving the existence of a universal golden unit even within classical channels.
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BibTeX
@misc{miyazaki2026dynamical,
title = {{Dynamical resource theory of time-reversal symmetry breaking}},
author = {Jisho Miyazaki and Kohdai Kuroiwa and Mio Murao},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.36408},
eprint = {2609.36408},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.36408},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Dynamical resource theory of time-reversal symmetry breaking
AU - Jisho Miyazaki
AU - Kohdai Kuroiwa
AU - Mio Murao
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/29
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.36408
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.36408
AB - Time-reversal symmetry and its violation (T-violation) are fundamental across diverse physics domains, from particle physics to fluctuation theorems and reciprocity. While time-reversal symmetry for isolated systems is simply determined by the Hamiltonian, quantifying the magnitude of T-violation, especially in noisy quantum processes, has been a subject of ongoing debate. Here, we propose an operationally meaningful framework to quantify the intrinsic T-violation of quantum channels. We integrate operationally defined time-reversal transformations into dynamical resource theory to formulate T-violation as a resource. T-violation decomposes into two distinct components: kinematic T-violation originating from antiunitary motion-reversal, and nonunitality driven purely by thermodynamics. This decomposition resolves the longstanding confusion between broken time-reversal symmetry and non-invertibility. Finally, we analyze the resulting resource theory of kinematic T-violation, showing that it is neither quality-like nor quantity-like, and proving the existence of a universal golden unit even within classical channels.
ER -