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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Nutrients

Changes in Nutrition and Physical Activity up to 4 Years Following a Hypertensive Pregnancy: A Blood Pressure Postpartum Longitudinal Sub-Study

  • Yining Chen1,2,3
  • Megan Gow1,4
  • Katie Harris1
  • Lynne Roberts3,5
  • Alison Canty6
  • Wendy Pickup6
  • Natasha Hirschhorn-Edwards4
  • Amanda Henry1,3,5
6 affiliations
  1. 1The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia
  2. 2Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
  3. 3School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW 2033, Australia
  4. 4School of Population Health, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW 2033, Australia
  5. 5Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, St George Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia
  6. 6Women’s Health Initiative Translational Unit (WHITU), South Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW 2170, Australia
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Abstract

Background/Objectives: Postpartum lifestyle interventions may mitigate increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks following hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). The study aimed to examine longitudinal changes in post-HDP lifestyle behaviors and women’s perceptions towards healthy living. Methods: This study was a longitudinal sub-study of the 3-armed, multicenter Blood Pressure Postpartum (BP2) randomized controlled trial in post-HDP women, comprising different postpartum care/lifestyle intervention strategies 6–12 months postpartum and post-intervention observational follow-up to 3–4 years postpartum. The NSW Health Population Survey captured lifestyle variables 6–12 months postpartum. At 3–4 years post-HDP, the Australian Eating Survey and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire were alternatively used for diet and physical activity, respectively. Linear mixed-effects models analyzed daily consumption of vegetables/fruit, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and perception scores of healthy living for motivators, barriers, and satisfaction. Results: In 180 participants, reported mean (SD) vegetable/fruit daily intake increased (vegetable servings/day: 2.6 (1.3), 6 months vs. 2.7 (1.4), 12 months vs. 4.2 (2.0), 3–4 years, p < 0.001; fruit servings/day: 1.7 (1.0), 6 months vs. 1.7 (1.0), 12 months vs. 2.2 (1.3), 3–4 years, p < 0.001), while accompanied by other unfavorable dietary changes. Reported median [IQR] MVPA increased (minutes/week, 330 [280], 6 months vs. 313 [331], 12 months vs. 515 [690], 3–4 years, p < 0.001). Motivators to engage in healthy behaviors decreased (p < 0.001), perceived barriers increased (p < 0.001), and satisfaction with diet and body appearance worsened over time (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Overall, women reported higher intake of both health-promoting and less health-promoting foods and higher MVPA; however, different tools were used for lifestyle measurement. Worsening perceptions were observed using the same instrument.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{chen2026changes,
  title = {{Changes in Nutrition and Physical Activity up to 4 Years Following a Hypertensive Pregnancy: A Blood Pressure Postpartum Longitudinal Sub-Study}},
  author = {Yining Chen and Megan Gow and Katie Harris and Lynne Roberts and Alison Canty and Wendy Pickup and Natasha Hirschhorn-Edwards and Amanda Henry},
  journal = {Nutrients},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3390/nu18203443},
  url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/18/20/3443},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Changes in Nutrition and Physical Activity up to 4 Years Following a Hypertensive Pregnancy: A Blood Pressure Postpartum Longitudinal Sub-Study
AU  - Yining Chen
AU  - Megan Gow
AU  - Katie Harris
AU  - Lynne Roberts
AU  - Alison Canty
AU  - Wendy Pickup
AU  - Natasha Hirschhorn-Edwards
AU  - Amanda Henry
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/01
JO  - Nutrients
DO  - 10.3390/nu18203443
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/18/20/3443
AB  - Background/Objectives: Postpartum lifestyle interventions may mitigate increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks following hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). The study aimed to examine longitudinal changes in post-HDP lifestyle behaviors and women’s perceptions towards healthy living. Methods: This study was a longitudinal sub-study of the 3-armed, multicenter Blood Pressure Postpartum (BP2) randomized controlled trial in post-HDP women, comprising different postpartum care/lifestyle intervention strategies 6–12 months postpartum and post-intervention observational follow-up to 3–4 years postpartum. The NSW Health Population Survey captured lifestyle variables 6–12 months postpartum. At 3–4 years post-HDP, the Australian Eating Survey and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire were alternatively used for diet and physical activity, respectively. Linear mixed-effects models analyzed daily consumption of vegetables/fruit, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and perception scores of healthy living for motivators, barriers, and satisfaction. Results: In 180 participants, reported mean (SD) vegetable/fruit daily intake increased (vegetable servings/day: 2.6 (1.3), 6 months vs. 2.7 (1.4), 12 months vs. 4.2 (2.0), 3–4 years, p < 0.001; fruit servings/day: 1.7 (1.0), 6 months vs. 1.7 (1.0), 12 months vs. 2.2 (1.3), 3–4 years, p < 0.001), while accompanied by other unfavorable dietary changes. Reported median [IQR] MVPA increased (minutes/week, 330 [280], 6 months vs. 313 [331], 12 months vs. 515 [690], 3–4 years, p < 0.001). Motivators to engage in healthy behaviors decreased (p < 0.001), perceived barriers increased (p < 0.001), and satisfaction with diet and body appearance worsened over time (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Overall, women reported higher intake of both health-promoting and less health-promoting foods and higher MVPA; however, different tools were used for lifestyle measurement. Worsening perceptions were observed using the same instrument.
SN  - 2072-6643
ER  -