Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) correlates with disease activity but not with interferon-associated chemokines in SLE
- 1Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
- 2School of Medicine, Universidad La Salle, Mexico City, Mexico
Abstract
Objective The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) is an accessible haematological marker reflecting systemic inflammatory burden. In SLE, type I interferon-associated chemokines have been proposed as biomarkers of disease activity. This study evaluated the discriminatory performance of the SII between patients with SLE and healthy individuals and its correlation with disease activity and circulating interferon-associated chemokines.Methods In this cross-sectional study, we analysed data from 95 women with SLE and 1443 healthy female controls from two established cohorts. The SII was calculated as (neutrophil count × platelet count) / lymphocyte count. Disease activity was assessed using the SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K). Serum levels of CCL11/eotaxin-1, CCL2/MCP-1, CCL5/RANTES, CCL3/MIP-1α, CCL4/MIP-1β, CXCL10/IP-10, CXCL12/SDF-1α, CXCL1/GRO-α and CXCL8/IL-8 were quantified using a multiplex assay.Results Median SII values were significantly higher in patients with SLE than in healthy controls (588.8 (IQR 390.8–964.8) vs 521.4 (IQR 381.6–690.5); p=0.022), though its discriminatory performance was limited (area under the curve (AUC)=0.57; 95% CI 0.49 to 0.64; p=0.022). Within the SLE cohort, the SII correlated positively with SLEDAI-2K scores (Spearman’s ρ=0.303; 95% CI 0.102 to 0.480; p=0.003), but showed no significant correlations with any circulating chemokines. Conversely, SLEDAI-2K scores initially demonstrated nominal positive correlations with serum CCL5/RANTES (ρ=0.257; 95% CI 0.008 to 0.475; unadjusted p=0.037) and CXCL8 (ρ=0.228; 95% CI 0.012 to 0.422; unadjusted p=0.032); however, no chemokine maintained statistical significance after false discovery rate multiple-testing correction.Conclusion Although the SII correlates with overall SLE disease activity, it does not reflect circulating concentrations of interferon-associated chemokines.
Related
- Type I interferon signature strength correlates with alloimmunization-associated transcriptomic programs in systemic lupus erythematosus: A multi-cohort analysis
- The impact of ventilation mode on systemic inflammation and organ dysfunction in a porcine model of abdominal sepsis-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome
- Microglia and border-associated macrophages play opposite roles in cerebrovascular and leukocyte responses under systemic inflammation in male mice.
- Circulating MicroRNAs Reflect Systemic Inflammation and Metabolic Dysfunction in Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma-Associated Cachexia.
- HO-1 and NLRP3-associated lung dysfunction and systemic inflammation in a noninfectious COVID-19 spike protein murine model
BibTeX
@article{amezcuaguerra2026systemic,
title = {{Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) correlates with disease activity but not with interferon-associated chemokines in SLE}},
author = {Luis M Amezcua-Guerra and Ricardo Márquez-Velasco and Diana Estefania Campos-Andaluz and Regina Sánchez-Montes and Laura Barragán-Huerta},
journal = {Lupus Science and Medicine},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1136/lupus-2026-002246},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2026-002246},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) correlates with disease activity but not with interferon-associated chemokines in SLE
AU - Luis M Amezcua-Guerra
AU - Ricardo Márquez-Velasco
AU - Diana Estefania Campos-Andaluz
AU - Regina Sánchez-Montes
AU - Laura Barragán-Huerta
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/23
JO - Lupus Science and Medicine
DO - 10.1136/lupus-2026-002246
UR - https://doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2026-002246
AB - Objective The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) is an accessible haematological marker reflecting systemic inflammatory burden. In SLE, type I interferon-associated chemokines have been proposed as biomarkers of disease activity. This study evaluated the discriminatory performance of the SII between patients with SLE and healthy individuals and its correlation with disease activity and circulating interferon-associated chemokines.Methods In this cross-sectional study, we analysed data from 95 women with SLE and 1443 healthy female controls from two established cohorts. The SII was calculated as (neutrophil count × platelet count) / lymphocyte count. Disease activity was assessed using the SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K). Serum levels of CCL11/eotaxin-1, CCL2/MCP-1, CCL5/RANTES, CCL3/MIP-1α, CCL4/MIP-1β, CXCL10/IP-10, CXCL12/SDF-1α, CXCL1/GRO-α and CXCL8/IL-8 were quantified using a multiplex assay.Results Median SII values were significantly higher in patients with SLE than in healthy controls (588.8 (IQR 390.8–964.8) vs 521.4 (IQR 381.6–690.5); p=0.022), though its discriminatory performance was limited (area under the curve (AUC)=0.57; 95% CI 0.49 to 0.64; p=0.022). Within the SLE cohort, the SII correlated positively with SLEDAI-2K scores (Spearman’s ρ=0.303; 95% CI 0.102 to 0.480; p=0.003), but showed no significant correlations with any circulating chemokines. Conversely, SLEDAI-2K scores initially demonstrated nominal positive correlations with serum CCL5/RANTES (ρ=0.257; 95% CI 0.008 to 0.475; unadjusted p=0.037) and CXCL8 (ρ=0.228; 95% CI 0.012 to 0.422; unadjusted p=0.032); however, no chemokine maintained statistical significance after false discovery rate multiple-testing correction.Conclusion Although the SII correlates with overall SLE disease activity, it does not reflect circulating concentrations of interferon-associated chemokines.
SN - 2053-8790
ER -