Seropositivity and Antigen-Specific Seroreactivity to Leptospira spp. In Equids from Three Regions of Veracruz, Mexico.
- 1Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Veracruzana, Miguel Ángel de Quevedo and Agustín Yáñez, Unidad Veracruzana, Veracruz 91710, Mexico.
Abstract
Information on Leptospira spp. exposure in Mexican equids remains limited. This cross-sectional study evaluated seropositivity and antigen-specific seroreactivity in 313 apparently healthy equids enrolled by convenience sampling in Los Tuxtlas (n = 119), Sotavento (n = 108), and Capital (n = 86), Veracruz, Mexico, from 2 October 2023 to 6 March 2024. Sera were examined by the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) against 13 antigens; titers ≥ 1:100 defined seropositivity. Overall seropositivity was 57.5% (180/313; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 52.0-62.9), with regional proportions of 49.6%, 65.7%, and 58.1%, respectively (unadjusted p = 0.048). Modified Poisson models with robust variance were fitted separately for region with species and region with sex. For Sotavento versus Los Tuxtlas, the adjusted prevalence ratio was 1.33 after adjustment for species (95% CI: 1.06-1.67) and 1.33 after adjustment for sex (95% CI: 1.06-1.66). Antigen-specific seroreactivity was most frequent for Australis (63/313; 20.1%), Bratislava (62/313; 19.8%), and Pyrogenes (57/313; 18.2%); these are overlapping antigen responses, not mutually exclusive serogroup estimates. Environmental and management exposures were not measured at the animal level. The findings support surveillance at the animal-human-environment interface but do not demonstrate active shedding or zoonotic transmission.
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BibTeX
@article{estradacoates2026seropositivity,
title = {{Seropositivity and Antigen-Specific Seroreactivity to Leptospira spp. In Equids from Three Regions of Veracruz, Mexico.}},
author = {Alejandro Taylor Estrada-Coates and Juan Manuel Pinos-Rodríguez and Jorge Genaro Vicente-Martínez and Isaac De Gasperin-López and Jessica Yamilete Rodríguez-Flores and Miriam Alva-Trujillo},
journal = {Animals : an open access journal from MDPI},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3390/ani16193130},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42883099},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Seropositivity and Antigen-Specific Seroreactivity to Leptospira spp. In Equids from Three Regions of Veracruz, Mexico.
AU - Alejandro Taylor Estrada-Coates
AU - Juan Manuel Pinos-Rodríguez
AU - Jorge Genaro Vicente-Martínez
AU - Isaac De Gasperin-López
AU - Jessica Yamilete Rodríguez-Flores
AU - Miriam Alva-Trujillo
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/06
JO - Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
DO - 10.3390/ani16193130
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42883099
AB - Information on Leptospira spp. exposure in Mexican equids remains limited. This cross-sectional study evaluated seropositivity and antigen-specific seroreactivity in 313 apparently healthy equids enrolled by convenience sampling in Los Tuxtlas (n = 119), Sotavento (n = 108), and Capital (n = 86), Veracruz, Mexico, from 2 October 2023 to 6 March 2024. Sera were examined by the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) against 13 antigens; titers ≥ 1:100 defined seropositivity. Overall seropositivity was 57.5% (180/313; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 52.0-62.9), with regional proportions of 49.6%, 65.7%, and 58.1%, respectively (unadjusted p = 0.048). Modified Poisson models with robust variance were fitted separately for region with species and region with sex. For Sotavento versus Los Tuxtlas, the adjusted prevalence ratio was 1.33 after adjustment for species (95% CI: 1.06-1.67) and 1.33 after adjustment for sex (95% CI: 1.06-1.66). Antigen-specific seroreactivity was most frequent for Australis (63/313; 20.1%), Bratislava (62/313; 19.8%), and Pyrogenes (57/313; 18.2%); these are overlapping antigen responses, not mutually exclusive serogroup estimates. Environmental and management exposures were not measured at the animal level. The findings support surveillance at the animal-human-environment interface but do not demonstrate active shedding or zoonotic transmission.
SN - 2076-2615
ER -