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Toponium Production at Future Muon Colliders and in heavy ion ultraperipheral collisions

Abstract

In the framework of non-relativistic quantum chromodynamics (NRQCD), we systematically investigate the inclusive and exclusive production processes of spin-singlet 1S0 and spin-triplet 3S1 toponium at future muon colliders and in Pb--Pb ultraperipheral collisions (Pb--Pb UPC). Using the Coulomb-plus-linear potential and solving the Schrödinger equation, we obtain the wave function at the origin as |Rtt̅(0)|2 = 2.507 GeV3. The scattering cross sections and various kinematic distributions for two types of processes are calculated, and the corresponding event yields are estimated based on the expected integrated luminosities. Our study indicates that the detection prospects for toponium production through the aforementioned processes are unfavorable.

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BibTeX
@misc{li2026toponium,
  title = {{Toponium Production at Future Muon Colliders and in heavy ion ultraperipheral collisions}},
  author = {Chun-Yuan Li and Xiao Liang and Xing-Hua Yang},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.23576},
  eprint = {2609.23576},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.23576},
}
RIS
TY  - UNPB
TI  - Toponium Production at Future Muon Colliders and in heavy ion ultraperipheral collisions
AU  - Chun-Yuan Li
AU  - Xiao Liang
AU  - Xing-Hua Yang
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/20
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.23576
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.23576
AB  - In the framework of non-relativistic quantum chromodynamics (NRQCD), we systematically investigate the inclusive and exclusive production processes of spin-singlet ^1S_0 and spin-triplet ^3S_1 toponium at future muon colliders and in Pb--Pb ultraperipheral collisions (Pb--Pb UPC). Using the Coulomb-plus-linear potential and solving the Schrödinger equation, we obtain the wave function at the origin as |R_tt̅(0)|^2 = 2.507 GeV^3. The scattering cross sections and various kinematic distributions for two types of processes are calculated, and the corresponding event yields are estimated based on the expected integrated luminosities. Our study indicates that the detection prospects for toponium production through the aforementioned processes are unfavorable.
ER  -