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PreprintarXiv licencearXiv

Hybrid-star asteroseismology across sharp phase interfaces: Slow and rapid conversion in the f- and p1-mode spectra

  • Zoey Zhiyuan Dong
  • Hao-Jui Kuan
  • Nicolas Yunes
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Abstract

First-order phase transitions in neutron-star interiors can leave signatures in the polar quasi-normal-mode spectrum. We compute the complex quadrupolar f- and p1-mode spectra in full general relativity for cold, nonrotating hybrid stars with a sharp hadron--quark interface. We model the equation of state by matching a hadronic SLy4 phase to a constant-sound-speed quark-phase. We compare slow phase conversion, in which fluid elements retain their phase and the interface moves with the fluid, with rapid phase conversion, in which matter changes phase as it crosses the boundary and the interface follows phase equilibrium rather than the fluid, together with an algebraic interpolation between these limits. On identical equilibrium backgrounds, the two physical limits produce a sizable separation in the real part of the p1-mode frequency. This p1 frequency separation is largest when the local tangential-displacement fraction of the eigenfunction changes rapidly across the interface. Across the surveyed EOS parameter space, rapid conversion generally lowers the p1-mode frequency relative to slow conversion, with compactness-averaged separations reaching ∼3.5 kHz on disconnected twin-star branches. The largest separations occur at relatively low transition pressures and large density discontinuities. By contrast, the f-mode is only weakly affected by the interface condition for individual stellar models. Across the sampled constant-sound-speed parameter space, departures exceeding the hadronic SLy4 reference residual occur mainly at low transition pressure, large density discontinuity, or both, with different boundaries for the real- and imaginary-part fitting variables. Thus, the p1-mode probes the local interface response, whereas the tracked f-mode reflects the global departure of the hybrid sequence from the hadronic calibration.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@misc{dong2026hybridstar,
  title = {{Hybrid-star asteroseismology across sharp phase interfaces: Slow and rapid conversion in the $f$- and $p_1$-mode spectra}},
  author = {Zoey Zhiyuan Dong and Hao-Jui Kuan and Nicolas Yunes},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.33002},
  eprint = {2609.33002},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.33002},
}
RIS
TY  - UNPB
TI  - Hybrid-star asteroseismology across sharp phase interfaces: Slow and rapid conversion in the f- and p_1-mode spectra
AU  - Zoey Zhiyuan Dong
AU  - Hao-Jui Kuan
AU  - Nicolas Yunes
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/26
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.33002
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.33002
AB  - First-order phase transitions in neutron-star interiors can leave signatures in the polar quasi-normal-mode spectrum. We compute the complex quadrupolar f- and p_1-mode spectra in full general relativity for cold, nonrotating hybrid stars with a sharp hadron--quark interface. We model the equation of state by matching a hadronic SLy4 phase to a constant-sound-speed quark-phase. We compare slow phase conversion, in which fluid elements retain their phase and the interface moves with the fluid, with rapid phase conversion, in which matter changes phase as it crosses the boundary and the interface follows phase equilibrium rather than the fluid, together with an algebraic interpolation between these limits. On identical equilibrium backgrounds, the two physical limits produce a sizable separation in the real part of the p_1-mode frequency. This p_1 frequency separation is largest when the local tangential-displacement fraction of the eigenfunction changes rapidly across the interface. Across the surveyed EOS parameter space, rapid conversion generally lowers the p_1-mode frequency relative to slow conversion, with compactness-averaged separations reaching ∼3.5 kHz on disconnected twin-star branches. The largest separations occur at relatively low transition pressures and large density discontinuities. By contrast, the f-mode is only weakly affected by the interface condition for individual stellar models. Across the sampled constant-sound-speed parameter space, departures exceeding the hadronic SLy4 reference residual occur mainly at low transition pressure, large density discontinuity, or both, with different boundaries for the real- and imaginary-part fitting variables. Thus, the p_1-mode probes the local interface response, whereas the tracked f-mode reflects the global departure of the hybrid sequence from the hadronic calibration.
ER  -