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Peer-reviewedCC BYBiosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education

Antioxidant Activity of the Tithonia diversifolia, Moringa oleifera, and Curcuma longa Extract Combination Against Oxidative Stress in a Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice

  • Sofia Nur Cahyani1
  • Belinda Nabiila Al Faizah1
  • Rif'atul Hawani. B2
  • Nabila Shafa Yumna Salsabila2
  • Noviana Dwi Lestari3
  • Moh Dliyauddin4
  • Agung Pramana Warih Mahendra2
  • Hideo Tsuboi5
  • Muhaimin Rifa’i2
5 affiliations
  1. 1Master Program in Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia
  2. 2Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia
  3. 3Medical Education Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Muhammadiyah Malang University, St. Bendungan Sutami, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia
  4. 4Biology Education Study Program, University of Jember, Jember 68121, Indonesia
  5. 5Department of Immunology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumaicho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
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Abstract

The induction of acute inflammation in the lung tissue is triggered by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated activation of the TLR4 receptor. The combination of Tithonia diversifolia (T), Moringa oleifera (M), and Curcuma longa (C) extracts holds potential for synergistic anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the aqueous TMC extract combination on reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and enhancing Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Nuclear Factor Erythroid-2 Related Factor 2 (NRF2) expression in LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in BALB/c mice. Thirty-six BALB/c mice were divided into five groups: negative control, LPS positive control, and three treatment groups receiving varying doses of the combined extract (TMC-1: 500/300/200; TMC-2: 200/500/300; TMC-3: 300/200/500 mg/kg BW). Treatments were administered orally for 14 days, followed by intraperitoneal LPS induction (0.5 mg/kg BW). Extract combination (TMC) significantly mitigated LPS-induced oxidative stress in a mouse acute lung injury model. Post-LPS therapy reduced MDA levels dose-dependently (16.96–8.68% vs. LPS 36.52%), restored SOD activity near normal (5.74–13.84% vs. LPS 25.23%), and normalized NRF2 expression (8.68–9.58% vs. LPS 17.11%). The TMC combination significantly reduced MDA levels and normalized the NRF2–SOD pathway, with the strongest SOD restoration at P2 (5.74%). These results confirm the role of TMC in strengthening the endogenous antioxidant system. This study provides scientific evidence for the development of the TMC extract combination as a potential phytopharmaceutical agent to mitigate oxidative stress and support tissue repair in inflammatory conditions such as ALI. Ultimately, this research supports UN SDG 3 (Targets 3.4 and 3.b) by developing an affordable respiratory protective agent, while simultaneously advancing SDG 15 through the sustainable pharmacological utilization of local plant biodiversity.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{cahyani2026antioxidant,
  title = {{Antioxidant Activity of the Tithonia diversifolia, Moringa oleifera, and Curcuma longa Extract Combination Against Oxidative Stress in a Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice}},
  author = {Sofia Nur Cahyani and Belinda Nabiila Al Faizah and Rif'atul Hawani. B and Nabila Shafa Yumna Salsabila and Noviana Dwi Lestari and Moh Dliyauddin and Agung Pramana Warih Mahendra and Hideo Tsuboi and Muhaimin Rifa’i},
  journal = {Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology \& Biology Education},
  year = {2026},
  month = aug,
  doi = {10.15294/biosaintifika.v18i2.47293},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v18i2.47293},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Antioxidant Activity of the Tithonia diversifolia, Moringa oleifera, and Curcuma longa Extract Combination Against Oxidative Stress in a Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice
AU  - Sofia Nur Cahyani
AU  - Belinda Nabiila Al Faizah
AU  - Rif'atul Hawani. B
AU  - Nabila Shafa Yumna Salsabila
AU  - Noviana Dwi Lestari
AU  - Moh Dliyauddin
AU  - Agung Pramana Warih Mahendra
AU  - Hideo Tsuboi
AU  - Muhaimin Rifa’i
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/08/01
JO  - Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
DO  - 10.15294/biosaintifika.v18i2.47293
UR  - https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v18i2.47293
AB  - The induction of acute inflammation in the lung tissue is triggered by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated activation of the TLR4 receptor. The combination of Tithonia diversifolia (T), Moringa oleifera (M), and Curcuma longa (C) extracts holds potential for synergistic anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the aqueous TMC extract combination on reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and enhancing Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Nuclear Factor Erythroid-2 Related Factor 2 (NRF2) expression in LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in BALB/c mice. Thirty-six BALB/c mice were divided into five groups: negative control, LPS positive control, and three treatment groups receiving varying doses of the combined extract (TMC-1: 500/300/200; TMC-2: 200/500/300; TMC-3: 300/200/500 mg/kg BW). Treatments were administered orally for 14 days, followed by intraperitoneal LPS induction (0.5 mg/kg BW). Extract combination (TMC) significantly mitigated LPS-induced oxidative stress in a mouse acute lung injury model. Post-LPS therapy reduced MDA levels dose-dependently (16.96–8.68% vs. LPS 36.52%), restored SOD activity near normal (5.74–13.84% vs. LPS 25.23%), and normalized NRF2 expression (8.68–9.58% vs. LPS 17.11%). The TMC combination significantly reduced MDA levels and normalized the NRF2–SOD pathway, with the strongest SOD restoration at P2 (5.74%). These results confirm the role of TMC in strengthening the endogenous antioxidant system. This study provides scientific evidence for the development of the TMC extract combination as a potential phytopharmaceutical agent to mitigate oxidative stress and support tissue repair in inflammatory conditions such as ALI. Ultimately, this research supports UN SDG 3 (Targets 3.4 and 3.b) by developing an affordable respiratory protective agent, while simultaneously advancing SDG 15 through the sustainable pharmacological utilization of local plant biodiversity.
SN  - 2085-191X
SN  - 2338-7610
ER  -