Eating jetlag based on meal timing discrepancies and risk of cardiovascular disease using the prospective cohort NutriNet-Santé
Abstract
Background Eating jetlag is an emerging concept defined as meal timing regularity between free and work days. We evaluated the association between eating jetlag and the risk of cardiovascular disease in a French cohort. Methods Data of 104,806 participants (79% women, mean age=42.7 years (SD 14.6)) were collected from the NutriNet-Santé prospective cohort (2009-2023). Cardiovascular disease was self-reported and validated against medical records. Eating jetlag intensity was calculated using times of first and last caloric intakes in repeated 24-hour dietary records (5.8 (SD 3.2) records on average)), as the absolute difference between weekends and weekdays, and its associations with cardiovascular disease risk were assessed through multi-adjusted Cox models. Eating jetlag direction was assessed using 3 categories: “Advance”, “Maintenance”, “Delay”, in weekends compared to weekdays. Results During a median follow-up of 8.1 years, eating jetlag was associated, in male participants, with higher cardiovascular disease (HR = 1.14 [1.05-1.23]) and coronary heart disease (HR = 1.21 [1.11-1.33]) risks. In males, participants in the “Advance” group had higher risks of cardiovascular and coronary heart diseases (HR = 1.44 [1.08-1.93], and HR = 1.68 [1.19-2.39], respectively) compared to those in the “Maintenance” group; while those in the “Delay” group had a higher coronary heart disease risk (HR = 1.36 [1.05-1.77]). Conclusion Our results suggest a role for meal timing regularity between weekends and weekdays in CVD etiology, independently of sleep duration and diet quality, specifically in males. If confirmed in other studies, meal timing regularity could be a strategy to mitigate cardiovascular disease risk. Trial registration NCT03335644.
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BibTeX
@article{folcalvez2026eating,
title = {{Eating jetlag based on meal timing discrepancies and risk of cardiovascular disease using the prospective cohort NutriNet-Santé}},
author = {Xuân Le Folcalvez and Elena Obeid and Anna Palomar-Cros and Léopold K Fezeu and Laurent Bourhis and Alice Bellicha and Sandrine Péneau and Valérie Deschamps and Mélanie Deschasaux-Tanguy and Mathilde Touvier and Serge Hercberg and Chantal Julia and Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot and Valentina A Andreeva and Camille Lassale and Alexandra Montagner and Hervé Guillou and David Jacobi and Bernard Srour},
journal = {Communications Medicine},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.1038/s43856-026-01758-5},
url = {https://hal.science/hal-05764163v1},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Eating jetlag based on meal timing discrepancies and risk of cardiovascular disease using the prospective cohort NutriNet-Santé
AU - Xuân Le Folcalvez
AU - Elena Obeid
AU - Anna Palomar-Cros
AU - Léopold K Fezeu
AU - Laurent Bourhis
AU - Alice Bellicha
AU - Sandrine Péneau
AU - Valérie Deschamps
AU - Mélanie Deschasaux-Tanguy
AU - Mathilde Touvier
AU - Serge Hercberg
AU - Chantal Julia
AU - Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot
AU - Valentina A Andreeva
AU - Camille Lassale
AU - Alexandra Montagner
AU - Hervé Guillou
AU - David Jacobi
AU - Bernard Srour
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/01
JO - Communications Medicine
DO - 10.1038/s43856-026-01758-5
UR - https://hal.science/hal-05764163v1
AB - Background Eating jetlag is an emerging concept defined as meal timing regularity between free and work days. We evaluated the association between eating jetlag and the risk of cardiovascular disease in a French cohort. Methods Data of 104,806 participants (79% women, mean age=42.7 years (SD 14.6)) were collected from the NutriNet-Santé prospective cohort (2009-2023). Cardiovascular disease was self-reported and validated against medical records. Eating jetlag intensity was calculated using times of first and last caloric intakes in repeated 24-hour dietary records (5.8 (SD 3.2) records on average)), as the absolute difference between weekends and weekdays, and its associations with cardiovascular disease risk were assessed through multi-adjusted Cox models. Eating jetlag direction was assessed using 3 categories: “Advance”, “Maintenance”, “Delay”, in weekends compared to weekdays. Results During a median follow-up of 8.1 years, eating jetlag was associated, in male participants, with higher cardiovascular disease (HR = 1.14 [1.05-1.23]) and coronary heart disease (HR = 1.21 [1.11-1.33]) risks. In males, participants in the “Advance” group had higher risks of cardiovascular and coronary heart diseases (HR = 1.44 [1.08-1.93], and HR = 1.68 [1.19-2.39], respectively) compared to those in the “Maintenance” group; while those in the “Delay” group had a higher coronary heart disease risk (HR = 1.36 [1.05-1.77]). Conclusion Our results suggest a role for meal timing regularity between weekends and weekdays in CVD etiology, independently of sleep duration and diet quality, specifically in males. If confirmed in other studies, meal timing regularity could be a strategy to mitigate cardiovascular disease risk. Trial registration NCT03335644.
SN - 2730-664X
ER -