High-frequency gravitational waves from microscopic particle-graviton associated production in bubble collisions
Abstract
Cosmological first-order phase transitions are well-known sources of gravitational waves from bubble collisions and plasma dynamics. In this work, we investigate an additional microscopic source directly arising from the associated production of particles and gravitons during bubble collisions. Focusing on runaway bubble walls, we calculate the gravitational wave spectra from two-body scalar-graviton production and three-body processes involving scalar or fermion pairs accompanied by a graviton. We derive analytic approximations and numerically evaluate the resulting spectra, revealing a high-frequency gravitational wave component that can complement conventional lower-frequency signals from the same phase transition. This mechanism offers a potential multiband signature and establishes a connection between gravitational radiation and the production of dark matter or other new particles. Our findings provide a new physics target for future high-frequency gravitational wave experiments and a complementary probe of particle production in the early Universe.
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BibTeX
@misc{chen2026highfrequency,
title = {{High-frequency gravitational waves from microscopic particle-graviton associated production in bubble collisions}},
author = {Peilin Chen and Dayun Qiu and Zihong Cheng and Fa Peng Huang},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.31495},
eprint = {2609.31495},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.31495},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - High-frequency gravitational waves from microscopic particle-graviton associated production in bubble collisions
AU - Peilin Chen
AU - Dayun Qiu
AU - Zihong Cheng
AU - Fa Peng Huang
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/25
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.31495
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.31495
AB - Cosmological first-order phase transitions are well-known sources of gravitational waves from bubble collisions and plasma dynamics. In this work, we investigate an additional microscopic source directly arising from the associated production of particles and gravitons during bubble collisions. Focusing on runaway bubble walls, we calculate the gravitational wave spectra from two-body scalar-graviton production and three-body processes involving scalar or fermion pairs accompanied by a graviton. We derive analytic approximations and numerically evaluate the resulting spectra, revealing a high-frequency gravitational wave component that can complement conventional lower-frequency signals from the same phase transition. This mechanism offers a potential multiband signature and establishes a connection between gravitational radiation and the production of dark matter or other new particles. Our findings provide a new physics target for future high-frequency gravitational wave experiments and a complementary probe of particle production in the early Universe.
ER -