Development and Evaluation of Artificially Attenuated Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, Trueperella pyogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus Strains as Live Vaccine Candidates Against Ovine Caseous Lymphadenitis.
5 affiliations
- 1College of Animal Engineering, Shaanxi A&F Technology University, Yangling 712100, China.
- 2The Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities, Forestry and Animal Husbandry, School of Animal Engineering, Shaanxi Vocational and Technical University of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China.
- 3Shaanxi Engineering & Technology Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Yangling 712100, China.
- 4Key Laboratory for Efficient Ruminant Breeding Technology of Higher Education Institutions in Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, China.
- 5Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
Abstract
Caseous lymphadenitis is a chronic infectious disease causing substantial economic losses to the sheep and goat industry worldwide. The disease is associated with a polymicrobial etiology involving C. pseudotuberculosis, T. pyogenes, and S. aureus. While inactivated vaccines provide partial protection, live attenuated vaccines offer the advantage of inducing both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. In this study, we aimed to develop live attenuated vaccine candidates for the three major caseous lymphadenitis-associated pathogens through serial subculturing. Primary strains CpS1-1 (C. pseudotuberculosis), TpS1-1 (T. pyogenes), and SaS9-1 (S. aureus) were subjected to continuous in vitro passage to generate attenuated derivatives CpS1-500 (500 passages), TpS1-260 (260 passages), and SaS9-220 (220 passages). Pathogenicity evaluation in mice and goats demonstrated that all three passaged strains exhibited significantly reduced virulence compared to their parental counterparts, with attenuated local abscess formation, pyrexia, growth retardation, and mortality. Immunization with the attenuated strains elicited robust humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, as evidenced by elevated specific antibody levels and increased IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-12 production. Challenge experiments revealed that CpS1-500 conferred 83.3% (5/6) protection against virulent C. pseudotuberculosis challenge, while TpS1-260 and SaS9-220 provided 100% (6/6) protection against their respective virulent strains. These findings demonstrate that serial subculturing is an effective approach for generating live attenuated vaccine candidates against caseous lymphadenitis-associated pathogens, with the passaged strains showing promise for further development as multivalent live vaccines for caseous lymphadenitis prevention.
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BibTeX
@article{wang2026development,
title = {{Development and Evaluation of Artificially Attenuated Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, Trueperella pyogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus Strains as Live Vaccine Candidates Against Ovine Caseous Lymphadenitis.}},
author = {Bin Wang and Yuchen Wei and Xinxin Qiu and Xindong Bai and Yanqing Jia and Zengqi Yang},
journal = {Veterinary sciences},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.3390/vetsci13100996},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42944092},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Development and Evaluation of Artificially Attenuated Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, Trueperella pyogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus Strains as Live Vaccine Candidates Against Ovine Caseous Lymphadenitis.
AU - Bin Wang
AU - Yuchen Wei
AU - Xinxin Qiu
AU - Xindong Bai
AU - Yanqing Jia
AU - Zengqi Yang
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/22
JO - Veterinary sciences
DO - 10.3390/vetsci13100996
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42944092
AB - Caseous lymphadenitis is a chronic infectious disease causing substantial economic losses to the sheep and goat industry worldwide. The disease is associated with a polymicrobial etiology involving C. pseudotuberculosis, T. pyogenes, and S. aureus. While inactivated vaccines provide partial protection, live attenuated vaccines offer the advantage of inducing both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. In this study, we aimed to develop live attenuated vaccine candidates for the three major caseous lymphadenitis-associated pathogens through serial subculturing. Primary strains CpS1-1 (C. pseudotuberculosis), TpS1-1 (T. pyogenes), and SaS9-1 (S. aureus) were subjected to continuous in vitro passage to generate attenuated derivatives CpS1-500 (500 passages), TpS1-260 (260 passages), and SaS9-220 (220 passages). Pathogenicity evaluation in mice and goats demonstrated that all three passaged strains exhibited significantly reduced virulence compared to their parental counterparts, with attenuated local abscess formation, pyrexia, growth retardation, and mortality. Immunization with the attenuated strains elicited robust humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, as evidenced by elevated specific antibody levels and increased IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-12 production. Challenge experiments revealed that CpS1-500 conferred 83.3% (5/6) protection against virulent C. pseudotuberculosis challenge, while TpS1-260 and SaS9-220 provided 100% (6/6) protection against their respective virulent strains. These findings demonstrate that serial subculturing is an effective approach for generating live attenuated vaccine candidates against caseous lymphadenitis-associated pathogens, with the passaged strains showing promise for further development as multivalent live vaccines for caseous lymphadenitis prevention.
SN - 2306-7381
ER -