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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC-ND 4.0Acta Medica Philippina

The Effectiveness of Nutritional Educational Comics in Increasing Haemoglobin Level among Anemic Adolescent Girls

  • Annasari Mustafa1
  • Sugeng Iwan1
  • Carissa Cerdesari1
  • Rani Nurmayanti1
  • Muchtaruddin Mansyur2,3
  1. 1Health Polytechnic of Malang, Malang City, Indonesia
  2. 2Occupational Medicine Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
  3. 3Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of comic-based nutrition education in increasing haemoglobin (Hb) levels in adolescent girls with anaemia by improving their energy, protein, vitamin C, calcium, iron, zinc, and folic acid intake.

Methods: A pre-test–post-test quasi-experimental design was used. Over four months, nutrition education was delivered through the comic Balanced Nutrition, Lost Anaemia as an intervention for nutritional problems. Nutritional issues were assessed via 24-hour dietary recalls and six-day food records, analyzed using Nutrisurvey 2008 and Linear Programming. Effectiveness was measured by comparing energy, folic acid, and zinc intake using paired t-tests, and protein, iron, vitamin C intake, and Hb levels using the Wilcoxon test, before and after the intervention. The study was conducted at an Islamic boarding school (pesantren) in Malang, Indonesia. A total of 84 adolescent girls with anaemia (Hb <12 g/dL) were included. Hb levels were validated via venous blood examination using cyanometry.

Results: After nutrition education, participants had significantly higher energy, protein, and vitamin C intake (P <0.001) and increased Hb levels (P <0.001). Among the participants, 69 (82.15%) achieved normal Hb levels.

Conclusion: Nutrition education using comics with colorful images facilitates understanding and application of nutritional guidance, effectively increasing nutrient intake and reducing the prevalence of anaemia among adolescent girls.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{mustafa2026effectiveness,
  title = {{The Effectiveness of Nutritional Educational Comics in Increasing Haemoglobin Level among Anemic Adolescent Girls}},
  author = {Annasari Mustafa and Sugeng Iwan and Carissa Cerdesari and Rani Nurmayanti and Muchtaruddin Mansyur},
  journal = {Acta Medica Philippina},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.47895/amp.v60i18.3850},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.47895/amp.v60i18.3850},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - The Effectiveness of Nutritional Educational Comics in Increasing Haemoglobin Level among Anemic Adolescent Girls
AU  - Annasari Mustafa
AU  - Sugeng Iwan
AU  - Carissa Cerdesari
AU  - Rani Nurmayanti
AU  - Muchtaruddin Mansyur
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/30
JO  - Acta Medica Philippina
DO  - 10.47895/amp.v60i18.3850
UR  - https://doi.org/10.47895/amp.v60i18.3850
AB  - Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of comic-based nutrition education in increasing haemoglobin (Hb) levels in adolescent girls with anaemia by improving their energy, protein, vitamin C, calcium, iron, zinc, and folic acid intake.  Methods: A pre-test–post-test quasi-experimental design was used. Over four months, nutrition education was delivered through the comic Balanced Nutrition, Lost Anaemia as an intervention for nutritional problems. Nutritional issues were assessed via 24-hour dietary recalls and six-day food records, analyzed using Nutrisurvey 2008 and Linear Programming. Effectiveness was measured by comparing energy, folic acid, and zinc intake using paired t-tests, and protein, iron, vitamin C intake, and Hb levels using the Wilcoxon test, before and after the intervention. The study was conducted at an Islamic boarding school (pesantren) in Malang, Indonesia. A total of 84 adolescent girls with anaemia (Hb <12 g/dL) were included. Hb levels were validated via venous blood examination using cyanometry.  Results: After nutrition education, participants had significantly higher energy, protein, and vitamin C intake (P <0.001) and increased Hb levels (P <0.001). Among the participants, 69 (82.15%) achieved normal Hb levels.  Conclusion: Nutrition education using comics with colorful images facilitates understanding and application of nutritional guidance, effectively increasing nutrient intake and reducing the prevalence of anaemia among adolescent girls.
SN  - 0001-6071
SN  - 2094-9278
ER  -