Metal Compound‐Based Non‐Enzymatic Electrochemical Cholesterol Sensors: Emerging Materials and Mechanistic Insights
- 1School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
- 2School of Biomedical Engineering International University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
- 3School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
Abstract
Cholesterol plays a vital role in cellular function, yet abnormal cholesterol levels are strongly associated with cardiovascular disease, creating a need for accurate and rapid detection. Conventional enzymatic sensors, although sensitive, are limited by enzyme instability, high cost, and short operational lifetimes. This review highlights recent advances in metal compound‐based non‐enzymatic electrochemical cholesterol sensors, which offer improved stability, affordability, and potential suitability for point‐of‐care applications. We examine the electrocatalytic mechanisms and material innovations underpinning these sensors, with a focus on metal oxides, metal sulfides, and oxide‐sulfide composites. Mechanistic insights are provided into nanostructuring, heterointerface engineering, and multicomponent integration as strategies for improving sensitivity, selectivity, and durability. Comparative analysis reveals condition‐dependent trade‐offs material classes rather than universal superiority in analytical performance. Finally, we identify key challenges, including reproducibility, antifouling, and clinical validation, and outline future directions toward scalable, biocompatible platforms for personalized cholesterol monitoring.
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BibTeX
@article{yin2026metal,
title = {{Metal Compound‐Based Non‐Enzymatic Electrochemical Cholesterol Sensors: Emerging Materials and Mechanistic Insights}},
author = {Longfei (Jack) Yin and Chao‐Tsen (Rora) Chen and Jacopo Giaretta and Thanh‐Qua Nguyen and Hoang‐Phuong Phan and Fariba Dehghani and Syamak Farajikhah},
journal = {Advanced Materials Interfaces},
year = {2026},
month = nov,
doi = {10.1002/admi.70685},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.70685},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Metal Compound‐Based Non‐Enzymatic Electrochemical Cholesterol Sensors: Emerging Materials and Mechanistic Insights
AU - Longfei (Jack) Yin
AU - Chao‐Tsen (Rora) Chen
AU - Jacopo Giaretta
AU - Thanh‐Qua Nguyen
AU - Hoang‐Phuong Phan
AU - Fariba Dehghani
AU - Syamak Farajikhah
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/11/06
JO - Advanced Materials Interfaces
DO - 10.1002/admi.70685
UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.70685
AB - Cholesterol plays a vital role in cellular function, yet abnormal cholesterol levels are strongly associated with cardiovascular disease, creating a need for accurate and rapid detection. Conventional enzymatic sensors, although sensitive, are limited by enzyme instability, high cost, and short operational lifetimes. This review highlights recent advances in metal compound‐based non‐enzymatic electrochemical cholesterol sensors, which offer improved stability, affordability, and potential suitability for point‐of‐care applications. We examine the electrocatalytic mechanisms and material innovations underpinning these sensors, with a focus on metal oxides, metal sulfides, and oxide‐sulfide composites. Mechanistic insights are provided into nanostructuring, heterointerface engineering, and multicomponent integration as strategies for improving sensitivity, selectivity, and durability. Comparative analysis reveals condition‐dependent trade‐offs material classes rather than universal superiority in analytical performance. Finally, we identify key challenges, including reproducibility, antifouling, and clinical validation, and outline future directions toward scalable, biocompatible platforms for personalized cholesterol monitoring.
SN - 2196-7350
ER -