Clinical Assessment and Exercise Rehabilitation of Sarcopenia in Cardiovascular Disease
4 affiliations
- 1Department of Taekwondo, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
- 2Department of Sports Science, Kyungnam University, Changwon 51767, Republic of Korea
- 3Department of Sport Rehabilitation, College of Health, Social Welfare and Education, Tong Myong University, Busan 48520, Republic of Korea
- 4Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
Abstract
Sarcopenia complicates cardiovascular disease, but diagnostic definitions and outcome selection can substantially alter the interpretation of exercise rehabilitation. This critical review examines how these differences affect the translation of muscle biology into clinical assessment and treatment, with heart failure as the principal clinical setting. Targeted literature retrieval prioritized recent consensus statements, clinical studies, and intervention trials, while experimental evidence was considered separately. Human biopsy studies associate inflammatory and mitochondrial abnormalities with muscle dysfunction; causal manipulation of muscle-derived signaling remains predominantly experimental. European and Asian consensus frameworks differ in their thresholds and the diagnostic role of physical performance. These distinctions matter because trials frequently enroll patients with frailty or exercise intolerance without confirming sarcopenia. Resistance and combined interventions improve selected measures of strength or physical performance, whereas muscle quantity, diagnostic status, and clinical events may respond differently. A small coronary artery disease trial provides direct, short-term evidence in confirmed sarcopenia, but durability remains uncertain. Rehabilitation should therefore link an explicit diagnostic framework to individualized exercise, nutritional assessment, and repeated measurement of the intended outcomes. Future trials should establish whether improvements in defining muscle components persist and translate into sustained independence and fewer clinical events.
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BibTeX
@article{jeong2026clinical,
title = {{Clinical Assessment and Exercise Rehabilitation of Sarcopenia in Cardiovascular Disease}},
author = {Soon Il Jeong and Un Hyo Baek and Hyun Seok Bang and Dae Yun Seo},
journal = {Journal of Clinical Medicine},
year = {2026},
month = nov,
doi = {10.3390/jcm15218637},
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/15/21/8637},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical Assessment and Exercise Rehabilitation of Sarcopenia in Cardiovascular Disease
AU - Soon Il Jeong
AU - Un Hyo Baek
AU - Hyun Seok Bang
AU - Dae Yun Seo
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/11/05
JO - Journal of Clinical Medicine
DO - 10.3390/jcm15218637
UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/15/21/8637
AB - Sarcopenia complicates cardiovascular disease, but diagnostic definitions and outcome selection can substantially alter the interpretation of exercise rehabilitation. This critical review examines how these differences affect the translation of muscle biology into clinical assessment and treatment, with heart failure as the principal clinical setting. Targeted literature retrieval prioritized recent consensus statements, clinical studies, and intervention trials, while experimental evidence was considered separately. Human biopsy studies associate inflammatory and mitochondrial abnormalities with muscle dysfunction; causal manipulation of muscle-derived signaling remains predominantly experimental. European and Asian consensus frameworks differ in their thresholds and the diagnostic role of physical performance. These distinctions matter because trials frequently enroll patients with frailty or exercise intolerance without confirming sarcopenia. Resistance and combined interventions improve selected measures of strength or physical performance, whereas muscle quantity, diagnostic status, and clinical events may respond differently. A small coronary artery disease trial provides direct, short-term evidence in confirmed sarcopenia, but durability remains uncertain. Rehabilitation should therefore link an explicit diagnostic framework to individualized exercise, nutritional assessment, and repeated measurement of the intended outcomes. Future trials should establish whether improvements in defining muscle components persist and translate into sustained independence and fewer clinical events.
SN - 2077-0383
ER -