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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0ACS Omega

Biogenic Hydroxyapatite/ZnO Heterostructures: Photocatalytic Degradation of Dye Mixtures and Antibacterial Activity

  • Tanara C. N. Nicácio1
  • Mario A. M. Castro1
  • Livia D. Ventura1
  • Maria C. N. Melo2
  • Ubiratan C. Silva3
  • Mauricio R. D. Bomio1
  • Fabiana V. Motta1
  1. 1Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte , , P.O. Box 1524 , , ,
  2. 2Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte , , ,
  3. 3Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte , , , ,
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Abstract

In this work, biogenic HAp/ZnO heterostructures were synthesized by a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method using marine shell waste as the calcium precursor for hydroxyapatite production. ZnO was incorporated at 20, 30, 40, and 50 wt %. XRD and FTIR confirmed the coexistence of HAp and ZnO phases, while UV–Vis/DRS indicated optical absorption suitable for photocatalytic activation. FE-SEM and TEM/HRTEM analyses revealed morphological changes and confirmed the nanostructured character of the heterostructures. BET showed a significant increase in the specific surface area of H40ZN, and PL and EIS analyses indicated improved charge separation and reduced electron–hole recombination. Photocatalytic activity was evaluated by degrading crystal violet, malachite green, and their mixture under UV–C irradiation, with the best sample also tested under solar light. H40ZN exhibited the highest performance, reaching 71% degradation for CV, 74% for MG, and 83% for MIX under solar irradiation. Reusability tests showed only a slight efficiency decrease after four cycles, with no structural changes detected by XRD. Scavenger tests and EPR analyses indicated that •O2–, h+, and •OH were the main reactive species. The heterostructures also showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. These results demonstrate the potential of biogenic HAp/ZnO heterostructures for environmental remediation and bacterial control.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{nicacio2026biogenic,
  title = {{Biogenic Hydroxyapatite/ZnO Heterostructures: Photocatalytic Degradation of Dye Mixtures and Antibacterial Activity}},
  author = {Tanara C. N. Nicácio and Mario A. M. Castro and Livia D. Ventura and Maria C. N. Melo and Ubiratan C. Silva and Mauricio R. D. Bomio and Fabiana V. Motta},
  journal = {ACS Omega},
  year = {2026},
  month = nov,
  doi = {10.1021/acsomega.6c07885},
  url = {https://pubs.acs.org/acsodf/article/doi/10.1021/acsomega.6c07885/5464894/Biogenic-Hydroxyapatite-ZnO-Heterostructures},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Biogenic Hydroxyapatite/ZnO Heterostructures: Photocatalytic Degradation of Dye Mixtures and Antibacterial Activity
AU  - Tanara C. N. Nicácio
AU  - Mario A. M. Castro
AU  - Livia D. Ventura
AU  - Maria C. N. Melo
AU  - Ubiratan C. Silva
AU  - Mauricio R. D. Bomio
AU  - Fabiana V. Motta
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/11/05
JO  - ACS Omega
DO  - 10.1021/acsomega.6c07885
UR  - https://pubs.acs.org/acsodf/article/doi/10.1021/acsomega.6c07885/5464894/Biogenic-Hydroxyapatite-ZnO-Heterostructures
AB  - In this work, biogenic HAp/ZnO heterostructures were synthesized by a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method using marine shell waste as the calcium precursor for hydroxyapatite production. ZnO was incorporated at 20, 30, 40, and 50 wt %. XRD and FTIR confirmed the coexistence of HAp and ZnO phases, while UV–Vis/DRS indicated optical absorption suitable for photocatalytic activation. FE-SEM and TEM/HRTEM analyses revealed morphological changes and confirmed the nanostructured character of the heterostructures. BET showed a significant increase in the specific surface area of H40ZN, and PL and EIS analyses indicated improved charge separation and reduced electron–hole recombination. Photocatalytic activity was evaluated by degrading crystal violet, malachite green, and their mixture under UV–C irradiation, with the best sample also tested under solar light. H40ZN exhibited the highest performance, reaching 71% degradation for CV, 74% for MG, and 83% for MIX under solar irradiation. Reusability tests showed only a slight efficiency decrease after four cycles, with no structural changes detected by XRD. Scavenger tests and EPR analyses indicated that •O2–, h+, and •OH were the main reactive species. The heterostructures also showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. These results demonstrate the potential of biogenic HAp/ZnO heterostructures for environmental remediation and bacterial control.
SN  - 2470-1343
ER  -