Multidimensional attosecond clocking near Dirac cones in graphite

Abstract

Two-color high-harmonic spectroscopy is widely used to access sub-cycle electron dynamics and to retrieve harmonic timing information, including harmonic phases and attochirp across gases, solids, and liquids. However, the dependence of such timing observables on additional laser-control parameters remains largely unexplored. Here, we introduce driving intensity as an additional dimension of two-color harmonic spectroscopy in highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG). The retrieved attosecond two-color delays maximizing the 4th and 5th harmonic yields evolve systematically and differently with driving intensity. Semiconductor Bloch-equation calculations reproduce these trends and reveal a pronounced sensitivity of the intensity-dependent delays to the electronic band dispersion. Our results demonstrate multidimensional attosecond clocking near Dirac cones and establish intensity-dependent two-color delays as a sensitive observable for band-dispersion in quantum materials.

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BibTeX RIS

BibTeX

@misc{kroeger2026multidimensional,
  title = {{Multidimensional attosecond clocking near Dirac cones in graphite}},
  author = {Daniel Kroeger and Anna Hassine and Eyal Uzner and Camilo Granados and Marcelo F. Ciappina and Ofer Neufeld and Michael Krüger and Zhaopin Chen},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.12880},
  eprint = {2609.12880},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.12880},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}

RIS

TY  - UNPB
TI  - Multidimensional attosecond clocking near Dirac cones in graphite
AU  - Daniel Kroeger
AU  - Anna Hassine
AU  - Eyal Uzner
AU  - Camilo Granados
AU  - Marcelo F. Ciappina
AU  - Ofer Neufeld
AU  - Michael Krüger
AU  - Zhaopin Chen
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/11
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.12880
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.12880
AB  - Two-color high-harmonic spectroscopy is widely used to access sub-cycle electron dynamics and to retrieve harmonic timing information, including harmonic phases and attochirp across gases, solids, and liquids. However, the dependence of such timing observables on additional laser-control parameters remains largely unexplored. Here, we introduce driving intensity as an additional dimension of two-color harmonic spectroscopy in highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG). The retrieved attosecond two-color delays maximizing the 4th and 5th harmonic yields evolve systematically and differently with driving intensity. Semiconductor Bloch-equation calculations reproduce these trends and reveal a pronounced sensitivity of the intensity-dependent delays to the electronic band dispersion. Our results demonstrate multidimensional attosecond clocking near Dirac cones and establish intensity-dependent two-color delays as a sensitive observable for band-dispersion in quantum materials.
ER  -

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