Extended In Vitro Maturation Reveals a Prolonged Nuclear Maturation Window and Dynamic BAX/BCL-2 Regulation in Dromedary Camel Oocytes.
- 1Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Abstract
Temporal changes in nuclear maturation, BAX/BCL-2 transcriptional dynamics, and functional competence during extended in vitro maturation (IVM) remain poorly characterized in dromedary camel oocytes. This study investigated nuclear maturation dynamics, BAX and BCL-2 expressions, and early cleavage competence during extended IVM. Oocytes were evaluated at 0, 24, 30, 36, and 48 h for nuclear maturation, while transcript abundance was analyzed by reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) using three independent biological replicates per time point. Early cleavage following artificial activation was compared between 36 and 48 h. The proportion of metaphase II (MII) oocytes increased from 36.36% at 30 h to 69.36% at 36 h and 84.27% at 48 h, with no significant difference between 36 and 48 h. At 24 h, both BAX and BCL-2 were markedly reduced, but the greater reduction in BCL-2 produced the highest relative BAX/BCL-2 balance. Between 24 and 30 h, BCL-2 increased markedly and the relative BAX/BCL-2 balance declined sharply, remaining low at 36 and 48 h. Cleavage rates were 10.05 ± 0.92% and 12.81 ± 3.45% at 36 and 48 h, respectively, with no significant difference (p = 0.299). These findings identify an extended nuclear-maturation window spanning 36-48 h, accompanied by distinct changes in BAX/BCL-2 transcriptional balance without a detectable reduction in early cleavage competence.
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BibTeX
@article{alhobish2026extended,
title = {{Extended In Vitro Maturation Reveals a Prolonged Nuclear Maturation Window and Dynamic BAX/BCL-2 Regulation in Dromedary Camel Oocytes.}},
author = {Waad H Alhobish and Muath Q Al-Ghadi and Nouf M Alyami},
journal = {Veterinary sciences},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3390/vetsci13101074},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42944169},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Extended In Vitro Maturation Reveals a Prolonged Nuclear Maturation Window and Dynamic BAX/BCL-2 Regulation in Dromedary Camel Oocytes.
AU - Waad H Alhobish
AU - Muath Q Al-Ghadi
AU - Nouf M Alyami
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/11
JO - Veterinary sciences
DO - 10.3390/vetsci13101074
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42944169
AB - Temporal changes in nuclear maturation, BAX/BCL-2 transcriptional dynamics, and functional competence during extended in vitro maturation (IVM) remain poorly characterized in dromedary camel oocytes. This study investigated nuclear maturation dynamics, BAX and BCL-2 expressions, and early cleavage competence during extended IVM. Oocytes were evaluated at 0, 24, 30, 36, and 48 h for nuclear maturation, while transcript abundance was analyzed by reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) using three independent biological replicates per time point. Early cleavage following artificial activation was compared between 36 and 48 h. The proportion of metaphase II (MII) oocytes increased from 36.36% at 30 h to 69.36% at 36 h and 84.27% at 48 h, with no significant difference between 36 and 48 h. At 24 h, both BAX and BCL-2 were markedly reduced, but the greater reduction in BCL-2 produced the highest relative BAX/BCL-2 balance. Between 24 and 30 h, BCL-2 increased markedly and the relative BAX/BCL-2 balance declined sharply, remaining low at 36 and 48 h. Cleavage rates were 10.05 ± 0.92% and 12.81 ± 3.45% at 36 and 48 h, respectively, with no significant difference (p = 0.299). These findings identify an extended nuclear-maturation window spanning 36-48 h, accompanied by distinct changes in BAX/BCL-2 transcriptional balance without a detectable reduction in early cleavage competence.
SN - 2306-7381
ER -