Surface Functionalization of Hexagonal WO3 for Enhanced Pseudocapacitive Energy Storage
- 1Department of Applied Science and Technology Politecnico di Torino Turin Italy
- 2Materials Characterization Facility Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Genova Italy
- 3Materials and Processes Simulation Laboratory University of Warsaw, Centre of New Technologies Warszawa Poland
Abstract
The development of sustainable and high‐performance electrochemical energy‐storage systems requires electrode materials capable of combining fast charge transfer, high power capability and long‐term stability. In this context, pseudocapacitive transition metal oxides have attracted increasing attention due to their ability to bridge the gap between conventional capacitors and batteries. Herein, a sustainable surface‐engineering strategy is proposed to enhance the pseudocapacitive response of hexagonal WO3 nanoparticles through in situ functionalization with N‐ and S‐containing species during a simple aqueous hydrothermal synthesis. The introduced surface functionalities improve the electrochemical performance without altering the bulk crystal structure or morphology of WO3. In particular, the functionalized materials exhibit enhanced specific capacitance, improved coulombic efficiency, and remarkable cycling stability over 10,000 cycles, with S‐functionalized WO3 showing the best overall response. Spectroscopic analyses suggest that surface electronic modulation and more favorable interfacial charge–transfer processes contribute to the improved pseudocapacitive behavior. Moreover, the exclusive use of aqueous synthesis, water‐based electrode processing, and aqueous electrolytes provides a greener route toward electrode fabrication. These findings highlight surface functionalization as a promising and sustainable strategy for tuning the interfacial properties of WO3‐based electrodes for next‐generation energy‐storage technologies.
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BibTeX
@article{mirone2026surface,
title = {{Surface Functionalization of Hexagonal WO3 for Enhanced Pseudocapacitive Energy Storage}},
author = {Alice Mirone and Pietro Zaccagnini and Mirko Prato and Marco Armandi and Mengjiao Wang and Mateusz Wlazlo and Silvio Osella and Andrea Lamberti and Teresa Gatti},
journal = {Advanced Energy \& Sustainability Research},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1002/aesr.70294},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/aesr.70294},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Surface Functionalization of Hexagonal WO3 for Enhanced Pseudocapacitive Energy Storage
AU - Alice Mirone
AU - Pietro Zaccagnini
AU - Mirko Prato
AU - Marco Armandi
AU - Mengjiao Wang
AU - Mateusz Wlazlo
AU - Silvio Osella
AU - Andrea Lamberti
AU - Teresa Gatti
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/31
JO - Advanced Energy & Sustainability Research
DO - 10.1002/aesr.70294
UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/aesr.70294
AB - The development of sustainable and high‐performance electrochemical energy‐storage systems requires electrode materials capable of combining fast charge transfer, high power capability and long‐term stability. In this context, pseudocapacitive transition metal oxides have attracted increasing attention due to their ability to bridge the gap between conventional capacitors and batteries. Herein, a sustainable surface‐engineering strategy is proposed to enhance the pseudocapacitive response of hexagonal WO3 nanoparticles through in situ functionalization with N‐ and S‐containing species during a simple aqueous hydrothermal synthesis. The introduced surface functionalities improve the electrochemical performance without altering the bulk crystal structure or morphology of WO3. In particular, the functionalized materials exhibit enhanced specific capacitance, improved coulombic efficiency, and remarkable cycling stability over 10,000 cycles, with S‐functionalized WO3 showing the best overall response. Spectroscopic analyses suggest that surface electronic modulation and more favorable interfacial charge–transfer processes contribute to the improved pseudocapacitive behavior. Moreover, the exclusive use of aqueous synthesis, water‐based electrode processing, and aqueous electrolytes provides a greener route toward electrode fabrication. These findings highlight surface functionalization as a promising and sustainable strategy for tuning the interfacial properties of WO3‐based electrodes for next‐generation energy‐storage technologies.
SN - 2699-9412
ER -