Skip to content
DraconiticResearch
Search Sources API
201,818 studies31 sourcesUpdated 54 min ago
Peer-reviewedCC BYHealth science reports

The State of Health in Jordan, 1990–2023: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study

  • Yazan A. Al‐Ajlouni1,2
  • Jude Alawa3
  • Abdulrahman Al‐Shamari4
  • Aditi Hazra5
  • Kaveh Khoshnood6
  • Omar Shamieh7,8
  • Nour Makarem9
  • Omar Al Ta'ani10
  • Sara Al Zubi11
  • Adam Coutts12
  • Basile Njei2,13,14,15,16,17
17 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Medicine Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx New York USA
  2. 2Yale International Medicine Program Yale University New Haven Connecticut USA
  3. 3Department of Orthopedics Hospital of Special Surgery (HSS) New York New York USA
  4. 4Weil‐Cornel School of Medicine Cornell University Doha Qatar
  5. 5Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
  6. 6Yale School of Public Health Yale University New Haven Connecticut USA
  7. 7Department of Palliative Medicine King Hussein Cancer Center Amman Jordan
  8. 8Faculty of Medicine The University of Jordan Amman Jordan
  9. 9Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health Columbia University, Irving Medical Center New York New York USA
  10. 10Alleghany Health Network Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
  11. 11Department of Medicine, Mass General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
  12. 12University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
  13. 13Engelhardt School of Global Health and Bioethics Euclid University Bangui Central African Republic
  14. 14Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine Yale University New Haven Connecticut USA
  15. 15VA Connecticut Healthcare West Haven CT USA
  16. 16Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine Athens Ohio USA
  17. 17Yale Liver Center, Yale New Haven Health New Haven Connecticut USA
Read full textPDFDOICite

Abstract

Background: Jordan's health system has evolved amid rapid urbanization and the strain of hosting one of the world's largest refugee populations per capita. This study comprehensively evaluates national disease burden trends in Jordan from 1990 to 2023 to inform health priorities.

Methods: Using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2023 framework, we analyzed age‐standardized rates of disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and years of life lost (YLLs) across 370 diseases and 88 risk factors. Data were derived from national censuses, health surveys, disease registries, and hospital records, and harmonized using standardized GBD modeling and estimation procedures. Analyses were stratified by age, sex, and cause.

Results: Between 1990 and 2023, age‐standardized DALYs declined by 33.88% (95% UI: −37.38 to −30.59), with greater reductions in males (−38.83%; −42.22 to −35.60) than females (−27.22%; −31.33 to −23.58). YLLs decreased by 49.38% (−50.93 to −47.68), while YLDs remained comparatively stable (2.49%; −2.37 to 7.47). Using mutually exclusive GBD Level 3 causes, ischemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus were the two leading causes of DALYs in 2023. Diabetes mellitus rose from 7th place in 1990 to 2nd place in 2023, while neonatal disorders declined from 1st to 7th place. Metabolic risks remained important contributors to the overall disease burden. Jordan's age‐standardized diabetes DALY rate in 2023 was approximately 1.56 times the global rate.

Conclusion: Jordan's health profile has shifted toward a greater burden from noncommunicable diseases, while age‐standardized health loss and premature mortality have declined substantially. In contrast, nonfatal disability changed comparatively little. These findings provide an evidence base for primary prevention of NCDs and for long‐term strategies addressing the country's evolving health challenges.

Related

  1. Gastric cancer burden from 1990 to 2021, Joinpoint analysis, projections to 2036, and health inequality assessment : Findings from the Global Burden of Disease study 2021
    Xinlong Bi, Miao Yu, Jingxiang Luan +2
    MedicinePeer-reviewedCC BY-NCFull textGeneral medicineEurope PMC
  2. Global burden of enteric infectious diseases, diarrhoeal diseases, and corresponding aetiologies, 1990–2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023
    Avina Vongpradith, Regina-Mae Villanueva Dominguez, Lorainne Tudor Car +97
    The Lancet Infectious DiseasesPeer-reviewedLicence not statedFull text24 citedInfectious diseaseOpenAlex
  3. Global, regional, and national burden of exposure to chewing tobacco, 1990–2023: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023
    Gabriela Fernanda Gil, Jason A Anderson, Xiaochen Dai +737
    The Lancet Global HealthPeer-reviewedCC BY 4.0PhysiologyCrossref
  4. Global, regional, and national burden of motor neuron diseases, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
    Jung-Hyun Park, Dong Keon Yon, Min-Seo Kim +5
    Ewha Medical JournalPeer-reviewedCC BY-NC 4.0Full textNeurologyPMC
  5. Early-onset colorectal cancer burden in China from 1990 to 2023: a systematic analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023
    Haijian Wei, Hao Wu, Shuai Wang +4
    Frontiers in OncologyPeer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Full textOncologyPMCCrossrefEurope PMC

Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{alajlouni2026state,
  title = {{The State of Health in Jordan, 1990–2023: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study}},
  author = {Yazan A. Al‐Ajlouni and Jude Alawa and Abdulrahman Al‐Shamari and Aditi Hazra and Kaveh Khoshnood and Omar Shamieh and Nour Makarem and Omar Al Ta'ani and Sara Al Zubi and Adam Coutts and Basile Njei},
  journal = {Health science reports},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1002/hsr2.73461},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13723306},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - The State of Health in Jordan, 1990–2023: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study
AU  - Yazan A. Al‐Ajlouni
AU  - Jude Alawa
AU  - Abdulrahman Al‐Shamari
AU  - Aditi Hazra
AU  - Kaveh Khoshnood
AU  - Omar Shamieh
AU  - Nour Makarem
AU  - Omar Al Ta'ani
AU  - Sara Al Zubi
AU  - Adam Coutts
AU  - Basile Njei
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/31
JO  - Health science reports
DO  - 10.1002/hsr2.73461
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13723306
AB  - Background: Jordan's health system has evolved amid rapid urbanization and the strain of hosting one of the world's largest refugee populations per capita. This study comprehensively evaluates national disease burden trends in Jordan from 1990 to 2023 to inform health priorities.  Methods: Using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2023 framework, we analyzed age‐standardized rates of disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and years of life lost (YLLs) across 370 diseases and 88 risk factors. Data were derived from national censuses, health surveys, disease registries, and hospital records, and harmonized using standardized GBD modeling and estimation procedures. Analyses were stratified by age, sex, and cause.  Results: Between 1990 and 2023, age‐standardized DALYs declined by 33.88% (95% UI: −37.38 to −30.59), with greater reductions in males (−38.83%; −42.22 to −35.60) than females (−27.22%; −31.33 to −23.58). YLLs decreased by 49.38% (−50.93 to −47.68), while YLDs remained comparatively stable (2.49%; −2.37 to 7.47). Using mutually exclusive GBD Level 3 causes, ischemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus were the two leading causes of DALYs in 2023. Diabetes mellitus rose from 7th place in 1990 to 2nd place in 2023, while neonatal disorders declined from 1st to 7th place. Metabolic risks remained important contributors to the overall disease burden. Jordan's age‐standardized diabetes DALY rate in 2023 was approximately 1.56 times the global rate.  Conclusion: Jordan's health profile has shifted toward a greater burden from noncommunicable diseases, while age‐standardized health loss and premature mortality have declined substantially. In contrast, nonfatal disability changed comparatively little. These findings provide an evidence base for primary prevention of NCDs and for long‐term strategies addressing the country's evolving health challenges.
SN  - 2398-8835
ER  -