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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC 4.0Ewha Medical Journal

Global, regional, and national burden of motor neuron diseases, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

  • Jung-Hyun Park1
  • Dong Keon Yon2
  • Min-Seo Kim3
  • Yoonkyung Chang4
  • Somin Park1
  • GBD 2021 Motor Neuron Diseases Collaborators
  • Jae Il Shin5
  • Tae-Jin Song6,7
7 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
  2. 2Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
  3. 3Medical and Population Genetics and Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
  4. 4Department of Neurology, Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
  5. 5Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
  6. 6Department of Neurology, Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
  7. 7Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract

Purpose: Healthcare planning and resource allocation require accurate estimates of the burden of motor neuron diseases (MNDs). This study evaluated the global impact of MNDs from 1990 to 2021 as part of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021.

Methods: GBD 2021 data were used to assess the global burden of MNDs from 1990 to 2021 in terms of prevalence, incidence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and deaths. The relationship between MND burden and the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) was also examined.

Results: Globally, MNDs accounted for 272,732 prevalent cases (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 236,195–313,676), 64,178 incident cases (95% UI, 58,506–70,270), 1,040,566 DALYs (95% UI, 963,064–1,123,956), and 39,082 deaths (95% UI, 35,757–42,433) in 2021. The corresponding age-standardized rates per 100,000 people were 3.31 (95% UI, 2.86–3.80) for prevalence, 0.46 (95% UI, 0.42–0.49) for mortality, and 12.17 (95% UI, 11.24–13.15) for DALYs. From 1990 to 2021, the numbers of prevalent and incident cases increased, but their age-standardized rates decreased by 1.36% and 4.69%, respectively. By contrast, the age-standardized mortality rate increased by 19.84%. MND burden was generally higher in regions with a high SDI, although rates in high-income Asia Pacific were relatively low compared with those in regions with similar SDI values.

Conclusion: From 1990 to 2021, the absolute burden of MNDs increased, age-standardized prevalence and incidence rates declined slightly, and mortality-related burden increased. These trends underscore the need for evidence-based national and global healthcare planning. Geographic variation in MND burden may reflect regional differences in the roles of sociodemographic and genetic factors.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{park2026global,
  title = {{Global, regional, and national burden of motor neuron diseases, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021}},
  author = {Jung-Hyun Park and Dong Keon Yon and Min-Seo Kim and Yoonkyung Chang and Somin Park and GBD 2021 Motor Neuron Diseases Collaborators and Jae Il Shin and Tae-Jin Song},
  journal = {Ewha Medical Journal},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.12771/emj.2026.01480},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.12771/emj.2026.01480},
  note = {CC BY-NC 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Global, regional, and national burden of motor neuron diseases, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
AU  - Jung-Hyun Park
AU  - Dong Keon Yon
AU  - Min-Seo Kim
AU  - Yoonkyung Chang
AU  - Somin Park
AU  - GBD 2021 Motor Neuron Diseases Collaborators
AU  - Jae Il Shin
AU  - Tae-Jin Song
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/20
JO  - Ewha Medical Journal
DO  - 10.12771/emj.2026.01480
UR  - https://doi.org/10.12771/emj.2026.01480
AB  - Purpose: Healthcare planning and resource allocation require accurate estimates of the burden of motor neuron diseases (MNDs). This study evaluated the global impact of MNDs from 1990 to 2021 as part of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021.  Methods: GBD 2021 data were used to assess the global burden of MNDs from 1990 to 2021 in terms of prevalence, incidence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and deaths. The relationship between MND burden and the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) was also examined.  Results: Globally, MNDs accounted for 272,732 prevalent cases (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 236,195–313,676), 64,178 incident cases (95% UI, 58,506–70,270), 1,040,566 DALYs (95% UI, 963,064–1,123,956), and 39,082 deaths (95% UI, 35,757–42,433) in 2021. The corresponding age-standardized rates per 100,000 people were 3.31 (95% UI, 2.86–3.80) for prevalence, 0.46 (95% UI, 0.42–0.49) for mortality, and 12.17 (95% UI, 11.24–13.15) for DALYs. From 1990 to 2021, the numbers of prevalent and incident cases increased, but their age-standardized rates decreased by 1.36% and 4.69%, respectively. By contrast, the age-standardized mortality rate increased by 19.84%. MND burden was generally higher in regions with a high SDI, although rates in high-income Asia Pacific were relatively low compared with those in regions with similar SDI values.  Conclusion: From 1990 to 2021, the absolute burden of MNDs increased, age-standardized prevalence and incidence rates declined slightly, and mortality-related burden increased. These trends underscore the need for evidence-based national and global healthcare planning. Geographic variation in MND burden may reflect regional differences in the roles of sociodemographic and genetic factors.
SN  - 2234-3180
SN  - 2234-2591
ER  -