Modeling Celiac Disease: From Pathogenesis to Therapy
- 1Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, 83100 Avellino, Italy
- 2European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Diseases (ELFID), University “Federico II”, 80131 Napoli, Italy
Abstract
Celiac disease (CeD) is a common gastrointestinal disorder triggered by the ingestion of gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. It is characterized by a complex immune response involving both adaptive and innate immunity, ultimately leading to intestinal mucosal damage and a broad range of extraintestinal manifestations. Although great progress has been made in understanding the pathogenesis of CeD, several questions remain unanswered. Furthermore, the only treatment currently available is a gluten-free diet, and research is actively working to find therapies that can at least complement dietary treatment. Understanding the complexity of the mechanisms underlying CeD has required the development and use of different experimental models, which allowed the investigation of specific pathways and cell populations. In this review, we provide a critical and updated overview of the main in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models used to investigate CeD-related pathways, including human cell lines, ex vivo culturing of duodenal biopsies, intestinal organoids and mouse models. For each model, we highlight its specific characteristics, advantages and limitations, as well as its potential applications in translational research.
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BibTeX
@article{aufiero2026modeling,
title = {{Modeling Celiac Disease: From Pathogenesis to Therapy}},
author = {Vera Rotondi Aufiero and Lucia Treppiccione and Diomira Luongo and Giuseppe Mazzarella and Alessandra Camarca},
journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3390/ijms27219499},
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/27/21/9499},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Modeling Celiac Disease: From Pathogenesis to Therapy
AU - Vera Rotondi Aufiero
AU - Lucia Treppiccione
AU - Diomira Luongo
AU - Giuseppe Mazzarella
AU - Alessandra Camarca
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/24
JO - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
DO - 10.3390/ijms27219499
UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/27/21/9499
AB - Celiac disease (CeD) is a common gastrointestinal disorder triggered by the ingestion of gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. It is characterized by a complex immune response involving both adaptive and innate immunity, ultimately leading to intestinal mucosal damage and a broad range of extraintestinal manifestations. Although great progress has been made in understanding the pathogenesis of CeD, several questions remain unanswered. Furthermore, the only treatment currently available is a gluten-free diet, and research is actively working to find therapies that can at least complement dietary treatment. Understanding the complexity of the mechanisms underlying CeD has required the development and use of different experimental models, which allowed the investigation of specific pathways and cell populations. In this review, we provide a critical and updated overview of the main in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models used to investigate CeD-related pathways, including human cell lines, ex vivo culturing of duodenal biopsies, intestinal organoids and mouse models. For each model, we highlight its specific characteristics, advantages and limitations, as well as its potential applications in translational research.
SN - 1422-0067
ER -