AloHEP Software: A luminosity optimizer for High Energy Physics colliders
Abstract
The luminosity quoted for proposed particle colliders is usually derived from the analytic geometric formula, which assumes head-on collisions of identical, rigid Gaussian bunches. For the new generation of asymmetric machines---in particular lepton--hadron colliders such as the EIC, LHeC and FCC-eh---this assumption can misestimate the luminosity, because it ignores a few coupled effects that act in the interaction region such as hourglass effect, crossing angle, and mutual electromagnetic (beam--beam) deformation of the colliding bunches. We present \textbf{AloHEP} (A luminosity optimizer for High Energy Physics), an open-source, cross-platform Java application that simulates the interaction region of both symmetric and asymmetric colliders. AloHEP represents each bunch by an ensemble of macroparticles deposited on the grid with a cloud-in-cell scheme, and slices the crossing longitudinally. On each transverse slice it solves the two-dimensional electrostatic problem by a direct Green's-function convolution, then obtains the beam--beam forces by finite differencing and continuous bicubic interpolation. The hourglass effect, finite crossing angle and beam--beam pinch/disruption can be enabled independently, and the two colliding beams may consist of entirely different species (leptons, protons, heavy ions). A JSON-backed parameter database and an interactive graphical interface make AloHEP a flexible tool for the rapid prototyping of realistic luminosity estimates. We verify that the code reproduces the analytic geometric luminosity in the appropriate limit and present scaling, grid-convergence and asymmetric-collider benchmarks.
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BibTeX
@misc{dagli2026alohep,
title = {{AloHEP Software: A luminosity optimizer for High Energy Physics colliders}},
author = {Burak Dagli and Yigitali Karaca},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.09839},
eprint = {2610.09839},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.09839},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - AloHEP Software: A luminosity optimizer for High Energy Physics colliders
AU - Burak Dagli
AU - Yigitali Karaca
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/07
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.09839
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.09839
AB - The luminosity quoted for proposed particle colliders is usually derived from the analytic geometric formula, which assumes head-on collisions of identical, rigid Gaussian bunches. For the new generation of asymmetric machines---in particular lepton--hadron colliders such as the EIC, LHeC and FCC-eh---this assumption can misestimate the luminosity, because it ignores a few coupled effects that act in the interaction region such as hourglass effect, crossing angle, and mutual electromagnetic (beam--beam) deformation of the colliding bunches. We present \textbf{AloHEP} (A luminosity optimizer for High Energy Physics), an open-source, cross-platform Java application that simulates the interaction region of both symmetric and asymmetric colliders. AloHEP represents each bunch by an ensemble of macroparticles deposited on the grid with a cloud-in-cell scheme, and slices the crossing longitudinally. On each transverse slice it solves the two-dimensional electrostatic problem by a direct Green's-function convolution, then obtains the beam--beam forces by finite differencing and continuous bicubic interpolation. The hourglass effect, finite crossing angle and beam--beam pinch/disruption can be enabled independently, and the two colliding beams may consist of entirely different species (leptons, protons, heavy ions). A JSON-backed parameter database and an interactive graphical interface make AloHEP a flexible tool for the rapid prototyping of realistic luminosity estimates. We verify that the code reproduces the analytic geometric luminosity in the appropriate limit and present scaling, grid-convergence and asymmetric-collider benchmarks.
ER -