Integrated allometric scaling, physicochemical profiling, and random forest modelling for predicting antioxidant compounds in sweeteners from overripe Malaysian bananas
Abstract
Bananas ( Musa spp. ) are rich in bioactive compounds that are essential for health, including support for digestion, immunity, and sustained energy. This research compared the nutritional profiles, physicochemical properties, determinants of antioxidant compounds, and antioxidant activities of sweeteners from eight overripe banana species ( Tanduk, Batu, Nangka, Emas, Cavendish, Awak, Lemak Manis, and Kapas ) in Malaysia, using validated methods. All the chosen sweeteners produced from the different banana species exhibited significant differences in physicochemical and antioxidant properties. Based on the results obtained, Tanduk exhibited the highest TDF at 8.89 g/100 g, Lemak Manis exhibited the highest ash content (4.05 g/100 g) and crude fiber (0.80 g/100 g), Kapas exhibited the highest carbohydrate content (71.99 g/100 g), and Emas revealed the highest protein content (0.62 g/100 g). Conversely, Nangka exhibited the lowest antioxidant capacity but the highest sugar content, especially glucose. Cavendish exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity, as evidenced by the DPPH and FRAP assays. The Random Forest model identified banana species, caloric content, carbohydrates, total dietary fiber, peel weight, protein, colour L*, pulp peel ratio, and crude fibre as the primary determinants of variation in antioxidant compounds among the sweeteners of Malaysian banana species. The power-law model demonstrated a strong allometric relationship between pulp weight and fruit weight. Future work could integrate feature selection techniques and explainable AI methods to further enhance biological interpretability by quantifying the contribution of each nutritional and physicochemical attribute to antioxidant activity.
Related
- Scenting parameters affect physicochemical quality, antioxidant capacity, and volatile metabolites of osmanthus white tea: an SVM-SHAP analysis.
- Effects of Steam Explosion Combined with Ultrafine Grinding on the Physicochemical Properties, Antioxidant Capacity, and Volatile Profiles of Morchella sextelata Stipe Powders.
- Physicochemical characteristics, antioxidant capacity, and oxidative stress profiles of dairy and plant-based milks: a comparative multivariate analysis
- Integrated Metabolomics Identifies Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Oxidative Membrane Remodeling, and Reduced Lipophilic Antioxidant Defenses in First-Episode Simple Dysmood Disorder
- Ethnopharmacological evaluation of Irvingia gabonensis (Aubry-Lecomte ex O'Rorke) Baill. seed extract: integrated computational and in vitro assessment of antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anticancer activities with in vivo validation of antidiabetic activity
BibTeX
@article{ibidoja2026integrated,
title = {{Integrated allometric scaling, physicochemical profiling, and random forest modelling for predicting antioxidant compounds in sweeteners from overripe Malaysian bananas}},
author = {Olayemi Joshua Ibidoja and Wan Rosli Wan Ishak and Majid Khan Majahar Ali and Yee Vern Ng and Nurraihana Hamzah and Muhamad Syahir Fitri Mohd Zaini and Mohamad Haziq Haikal Azhar},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1038/s41598-026-71027-x},
url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-71027-x},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Integrated allometric scaling, physicochemical profiling, and random forest modelling for predicting antioxidant compounds in sweeteners from overripe Malaysian bananas
AU - Olayemi Joshua Ibidoja
AU - Wan Rosli Wan Ishak
AU - Majid Khan Majahar Ali
AU - Yee Vern Ng
AU - Nurraihana Hamzah
AU - Muhamad Syahir Fitri Mohd Zaini
AU - Mohamad Haziq Haikal Azhar
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/08
JO - Scientific Reports
DO - 10.1038/s41598-026-71027-x
UR - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-71027-x
AB - Bananas ( Musa spp. ) are rich in bioactive compounds that are essential for health, including support for digestion, immunity, and sustained energy. This research compared the nutritional profiles, physicochemical properties, determinants of antioxidant compounds, and antioxidant activities of sweeteners from eight overripe banana species ( Tanduk, Batu, Nangka, Emas, Cavendish, Awak, Lemak Manis, and Kapas ) in Malaysia, using validated methods. All the chosen sweeteners produced from the different banana species exhibited significant differences in physicochemical and antioxidant properties. Based on the results obtained, Tanduk exhibited the highest TDF at 8.89 g/100 g, Lemak Manis exhibited the highest ash content (4.05 g/100 g) and crude fiber (0.80 g/100 g), Kapas exhibited the highest carbohydrate content (71.99 g/100 g), and Emas revealed the highest protein content (0.62 g/100 g). Conversely, Nangka exhibited the lowest antioxidant capacity but the highest sugar content, especially glucose. Cavendish exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity, as evidenced by the DPPH and FRAP assays. The Random Forest model identified banana species, caloric content, carbohydrates, total dietary fiber, peel weight, protein, colour L*, pulp peel ratio, and crude fibre as the primary determinants of variation in antioxidant compounds among the sweeteners of Malaysian banana species. The power-law model demonstrated a strong allometric relationship between pulp weight and fruit weight. Future work could integrate feature selection techniques and explainable AI methods to further enhance biological interpretability by quantifying the contribution of each nutritional and physicochemical attribute to antioxidant activity.
SN - 2045-2322
ER -