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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC-ND 4.0Tropical Medicine and Health

Detection and whole-genome characterisation of Regana virus in the bicoloured shrew (Crocidura leucodon) from Graubünden, Switzerland

  • Kyungmin Park1,2
  • Jaeyeon Lee1,3
  • Dayoon Hyun1,3
  • Seong-Gyu Kim1,3
  • Jongwoo Kim1,3
  • Monika Hilbe4
  • Se Hun Gu5
  • Burton K. Lim6
  • Blaise Kadjo7
  • Satoshi D. Ohdachi8
  • Thang Truong9
  • Ninh Truong10
3 more authors
  • Gustavo Palacios11
  • Richard Yanagihara12
  • Jin-Won Song1,3
12 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Goryeodae-ro 73, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
  2. 2Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  3. 3BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  4. 4Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
  5. 53rd R&D Institute, 5th Directorate, Agency for Defense Development, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
  6. 6Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, ON Canada
  7. 7Department of Natural Habitats and Biodiversity Conservation, Université Felix HOUPHOUET-BOIGNY, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
  8. 8Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
  9. 9Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3E3R2 Canada
  10. 10Virology Department, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam
  11. 11Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
  12. 12Department of Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 651 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA
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Abstract

Background: Orthonairoviruses are of medical and veterinary importance, but the genetic diversity and geographic distribution of shrew-associated orthonairoviruses remain unclear. Shrews are increasingly recognised as hosts for diverse orthonairoviruses, including Regana virus (REGV), which has been reported in the bicoloured white-toothed shrew (Crocidura leucodon) in Germany and the Czech Republic.

Methods: We examined archived shrew specimens collected in Graubünden Canton, Switzerland, between 2005 and 2006 using nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, metagenomic next-generation sequencing, phylogenetic analysis, pairwise sequence comparison, and protein feature annotation.

Results: Nairoviral RNA was detected in three C. leucodon from Luzein and Malans, whereas four Sorex araneus and one Neomys anomalus tested negative. Complete or near-complete REGV genome sequences were recovered from the three positive animals. Swiss REGV variants clustered with REGV from Germany and the Czech Republic across the S, M, and L segments. RdRp amino acid identities were 98.8–98.9% among Swiss variants and 92.1–95.6% between REGV Np12 and German or Czech variants. Comparative protein analyses identified conserved viral ovarian tumour protease catalytic residues, similar glycoprotein precursor organisations, and nairovirus-like nucleoprotein motifs.

Conclusions: These findings document REGV in C. leucodon in Switzerland and expand the known geographical and genetic ranges of REGV in European shrew populations.

Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-026-01108-0.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{park2026detection,
  title = {{Detection and whole-genome characterisation of Regana virus in the bicoloured shrew (Crocidura leucodon) from Graubünden, Switzerland}},
  author = {Kyungmin Park and Jaeyeon Lee and Dayoon Hyun and Seong-Gyu Kim and Jongwoo Kim and Monika Hilbe and Se Hun Gu and Burton K. Lim and Blaise Kadjo and Satoshi D. Ohdachi and Thang Truong and Ninh Truong and Gustavo Palacios and Richard Yanagihara and Jin-Won Song},
  journal = {Tropical Medicine and Health},
  year = {2026},
  month = nov,
  doi = {10.1186/s41182-026-01108-0},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-026-01108-0},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Detection and whole-genome characterisation of Regana virus in the bicoloured shrew (Crocidura leucodon) from Graubünden, Switzerland
AU  - Kyungmin Park
AU  - Jaeyeon Lee
AU  - Dayoon Hyun
AU  - Seong-Gyu Kim
AU  - Jongwoo Kim
AU  - Monika Hilbe
AU  - Se Hun Gu
AU  - Burton K. Lim
AU  - Blaise Kadjo
AU  - Satoshi D. Ohdachi
AU  - Thang Truong
AU  - Ninh Truong
AU  - Gustavo Palacios
AU  - Richard Yanagihara
AU  - Jin-Won Song
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/11/03
JO  - Tropical Medicine and Health
DO  - 10.1186/s41182-026-01108-0
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-026-01108-0
AB  - Background: Orthonairoviruses are of medical and veterinary importance, but the genetic diversity and geographic distribution of shrew-associated orthonairoviruses remain unclear. Shrews are increasingly recognised as hosts for diverse orthonairoviruses, including Regana virus (REGV), which has been reported in the bicoloured white-toothed shrew (Crocidura leucodon) in Germany and the Czech Republic.  Methods: We examined archived shrew specimens collected in Graubünden Canton, Switzerland, between 2005 and 2006 using nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, metagenomic next-generation sequencing, phylogenetic analysis, pairwise sequence comparison, and protein feature annotation.  Results: Nairoviral RNA was detected in three C. leucodon from Luzein and Malans, whereas four Sorex araneus and one Neomys anomalus tested negative. Complete or near-complete REGV genome sequences were recovered from the three positive animals. Swiss REGV variants clustered with REGV from Germany and the Czech Republic across the S, M, and L segments. RdRp amino acid identities were 98.8–98.9% among Swiss variants and 92.1–95.6% between REGV Np12 and German or Czech variants. Comparative protein analyses identified conserved viral ovarian tumour protease catalytic residues, similar glycoprotein precursor organisations, and nairovirus-like nucleoprotein motifs.  Conclusions: These findings document REGV in C. leucodon in Switzerland and expand the known geographical and genetic ranges of REGV in European shrew populations.  Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-026-01108-0.
SN  - 1348-8945
SN  - 1349-4147
ER  -