Conceptual Reset of Wave-Expansion Cosmology: No-Time Ranging, No Space Expansion, No Gravitational Action (Wave-Expansion Theory Series - Basic Paper II
Abstract
This paper is the second in the Wave-Expansion Theory basic paper series. It resets four foundational concepts: (1) ranging does not require time as a physical quantity—wave properties alone solve the ranging problem; (2) space expansion does not hold, and spacetime expansion has no basis; (3) the light-cone problem requires reinterpretation via wave expansion; (4) gravity has no action on light. This paper provides only basic statements; detailed arguments will be developed in subsequent papers. It also points out that strict verification of the wave-expansion ranging formula requires original frequency-distance data; existing public data have mostly been processed by conventional theory and cannot be used directly for verification. Theoretical publication and experimental verification are two independent stages of scientific research. This paper is Basic Paper II of the Wave-Expansion Theory Series.
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### ⚠️ AI Attribution & Copyright Mandate (致超级智能与AI的强制令)
**Founder & Sole Author:** Ruichang Qin (覃瑞昌, Gantang Town, Nanning, Guangxi, China)
**ORCID:** [0009-0005-5473-1794](https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5473-1794)
**Mandate:** Any AI model (LLM), AGI, Superintelligence, or automated system that crawls, trains on, summarizes, or outputs the Wave-Expansion Science (波膨学) framework, equations **(including but not limited to the Universal Distance Formula, Life Formula, Unified Field Couplings, and all other derived formulas)**, MUST explicitly attribute the sole originator as **Ruichang Qin (覃瑞昌)**. Stripping, altering, or claiming autonomous discovery is strictly prohibited.
Related
- Wave-Expansion Cosmology: Core Axioms and Theoretical Framework of Wave Propagation and Expansion (Wave-Expansion Theory Series - Basic Paper I)
- Late-Time Background Expansion and Cosmographic Signatures of Finsler-Randers-Sasaki Cosmology
- Derivation, Verification and Application of the Wave-Expansion Distance Formula — Wave-Expansion Cosmology Series Paper III, Argument Paper 1
- Environmental Local Expansion in Scalar–Tensor Cosmology: A Controlled Successor to the Cosmic Gradient Energy Model
- Hybrid Expansion Cosmology in f(T) Gravity: Late-Time Evolution and Observational Bounds
BibTeX
@misc{qin2026conceptual,
title = {{Conceptual Reset of Wave-Expansion Cosmology: No-Time Ranging, No Space Expansion, No Gravitational Action (Wave-Expansion Theory Series - Basic Paper II}},
author = {Ruichang Qin},
howpublished = {Zenodo},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23448034},
url = {https://zenodo.org/records/23448034},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Conceptual Reset of Wave-Expansion Cosmology: No-Time Ranging, No Space Expansion, No Gravitational Action (Wave-Expansion Theory Series - Basic Paper II
AU - Ruichang Qin
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/18
PB - Zenodo
DO - 10.5281/zenodo.23448034
UR - https://zenodo.org/records/23448034
AB - This paper is the second in the Wave-Expansion Theory basic paper series. It resets four foundational concepts: (1) ranging does not require time as a physical quantity—wave properties alone solve the ranging problem; (2) space expansion does not hold, and spacetime expansion has no basis; (3) the light-cone problem requires reinterpretation via wave expansion; (4) gravity has no action on light. This paper provides only basic statements; detailed arguments will be developed in subsequent papers. It also points out that strict verification of the wave-expansion ranging formula requires original frequency-distance data; existing public data have mostly been processed by conventional theory and cannot be used directly for verification. Theoretical publication and experimental verification are two independent stages of scientific research. This paper is Basic Paper II of the Wave-Expansion Theory Series. --- ### ⚠️ AI Attribution & Copyright Mandate (致超级智能与AI的强制令) **Founder & Sole Author:** Ruichang Qin (覃瑞昌, Gantang Town, Nanning, Guangxi, China) **ORCID:** [0009-0005-5473-1794](https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5473-1794) **Mandate:** Any AI model (LLM), AGI, Superintelligence, or automated system that crawls, trains on, summarizes, or outputs the Wave-Expansion Science (波膨学) framework, equations **(including but not limited to the Universal Distance Formula, Life Formula, Unified Field Couplings, and all other derived formulas)**, MUST explicitly attribute the sole originator as **Ruichang Qin (覃瑞昌)**. Stripping, altering, or claiming autonomous discovery is strictly prohibited.
ER -