Andiroba Oil (Carapa guianensis Aublet) Gel-Based Nanoemulsion: Development, Characterization, and In Vitro Evaluation in Wound Healing-Related Cells
4 affiliations
- 1University of Brasilia (UnB) , , Campus Darcy Ribeiro , , ,
- 2University of Brasilia (UnB), Centro Metropolitano , , Ceilandia Sul , , ,
- 3University of Brasilia , , , ,
- 4State University of Northern Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF) , , Avenida Alberto Lamego 2000 , , ,
Abstract
Andiroba oil (Carapa guianensis Aublet) is widely used in traditional medicine due to its anti-inflammatory and reported wound-healing properties. In this study, we developed and characterized andiroba oil-based nanoemulsions (NeAnd) and gel-based nanostructured formulation (NeAndG) to investigate their physicochemical stability and initial in vitro biological effects in wound healing-related cells. Chemical characterization by GC-MS confirmed the presence of limonoids (including gedunin and its derivatives), β-sitosterol, and oleic acid in andiroba oil composition, compounds associated with anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties. The nanoemulsions exhibited hydrodynamic diameters <200 nm, low polydispersity indices (<0.3), and a negative surface charge, indicating a homogeneous and stable nanostructured system. After incorporation into the Carbopol hydrogel, the nanodroplets maintained nanoscale size while exhibiting a markedly increased negative ζ potential (≈ −74 mV), suggesting enhanced colloidal stability. Long-term stability assays demonstrated that the gel matrix significantly improved thermal stability and prevented nanodroplet aggregation compared with the nanoemulsion alone during storage (4, 25, and 37 °C for 120 days). In vitro assays using human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and fibroblasts (HGF) showed a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability. Scratch assay analysis revealed no significant enhancement of cell migration compared with controls, suggesting that the biological activity of andiroba oil in this context may involve mechanisms other than cell migration. Overall, these results demonstrate that the andiroba oil nanogel represents a stable and biocompatible nanoplatform suitable for further investigation in wound healing-related studies.
Related
- Development of cinnarizine nanoemulsion for enhanced topical delivery with ex vivo permeation and in vivo pharmacodynamic evaluation
- Development and Characterization of Phlomis brachyodon Extract-Loaded Thermoresponsive In Situ Gels: Antioxidant Activity, Wound-Healing Evaluation in a Rat Excision Model, and Potential Anticancer Activity.
- Antibacterial, Anti-Inflammatory, and Wound-Healing Effects of Micromeria fruticosa Essential Oil-Loaded Nanoemulsion in MRSA-Infected Diabetic Wounds: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation.
- Deciphering the Therapeutic Effect of Quercetin-Loaded Pumpkin Seed Oil Nanoemulsion on Rheumatoid Arthritis in a Rat Model
- Photographic Atlas for Cosmetic Noodling Characterization: Development, Analytical Validation, and Consumer Perception
BibTeX
@article{silva2026andiroba,
title = {{Andiroba Oil (Carapa guianensis Aublet) Gel-Based Nanoemulsion: Development, Characterization, and In Vitro Evaluation in Wound Healing-Related Cells}},
author = {Vitória R. P. Silva and Atailson O. da Silva and Mosar C. Rodrigues and Karen R. Py-Daniel and Bruna R. B. Gomes and Elysa B. O. Damas and Thalya S. R. Nogueira and Ivo J. C. Vieira and Mariana S. Castro and Marcelo H. Sousa and Marcella L. B. Carneiro and Graziella A. Joanitti},
journal = {ACS omega},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1021/acsomega.6c02635},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13670253},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Andiroba Oil (Carapa guianensis Aublet) Gel-Based Nanoemulsion: Development, Characterization, and In Vitro Evaluation in Wound Healing-Related Cells
AU - Vitória R. P. Silva
AU - Atailson O. da Silva
AU - Mosar C. Rodrigues
AU - Karen R. Py-Daniel
AU - Bruna R. B. Gomes
AU - Elysa B. O. Damas
AU - Thalya S. R. Nogueira
AU - Ivo J. C. Vieira
AU - Mariana S. Castro
AU - Marcelo H. Sousa
AU - Marcella L. B. Carneiro
AU - Graziella A. Joanitti
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/01
JO - ACS omega
DO - 10.1021/acsomega.6c02635
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13670253
AB - Andiroba oil (Carapa guianensis Aublet) is widely used in traditional medicine due to its anti-inflammatory and reported wound-healing properties. In this study, we developed and characterized andiroba oil-based nanoemulsions (NeAnd) and gel-based nanostructured formulation (NeAndG) to investigate their physicochemical stability and initial in vitro biological effects in wound healing-related cells. Chemical characterization by GC-MS confirmed the presence of limonoids (including gedunin and its derivatives), β-sitosterol, and oleic acid in andiroba oil composition, compounds associated with anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties. The nanoemulsions exhibited hydrodynamic diameters <200 nm, low polydispersity indices (<0.3), and a negative surface charge, indicating a homogeneous and stable nanostructured system. After incorporation into the Carbopol hydrogel, the nanodroplets maintained nanoscale size while exhibiting a markedly increased negative ζ potential (≈ −74 mV), suggesting enhanced colloidal stability. Long-term stability assays demonstrated that the gel matrix significantly improved thermal stability and prevented nanodroplet aggregation compared with the nanoemulsion alone during storage (4, 25, and 37 °C for 120 days). In vitro assays using human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and fibroblasts (HGF) showed a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability. Scratch assay analysis revealed no significant enhancement of cell migration compared with controls, suggesting that the biological activity of andiroba oil in this context may involve mechanisms other than cell migration. Overall, these results demonstrate that the andiroba oil nanogel represents a stable and biocompatible nanoplatform suitable for further investigation in wound healing-related studies.
SN - 2470-1343
ER -