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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Frontiers in Endocrinology

Association between mean ocular perfusion pressure and proliferative diabetic retinopathy in a northern Chinese population

  • Fei Gao1
  • Han Bo1
  • Emmanuel Eric Pazo1
  • Liying Hu1
  • Chen Chen1
  • Yu Shi1
  • Xiuqing Zhu1
  • Xiaorong Li1
  • Juping Liu1
  1. 1Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital
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Abstract

Background: To evaluate the associations of mean ocular perfusion pressure (MOPP), pulse pressure (PP), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) among patients with type 2 diabetes in a northern Chinese population.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study included 1,323 participants, comprising 1,119 patients from the Beichen Eye Study and 204 patients identified from electronic medical records at the Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital. The participants were categorized into no diabetic retinopathy (NDR), non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), and PDR groups. SBP, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and intraocular pressure (IOP) were measured. PP was defined as the difference between SBP and DBP. MOPP was calculated using the formula: MOPP = 2/3 (DBP + 1/3 PP) − IOP.

Results: With PDR as the reference category, higher MOPP was associated with PDR relative to both NDR (OR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.89–0.95) and NPDR (OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.91–0.98). SBP and PP showed similar patterns in their respective adjusted models and tertile analyses. Exploratory analyses showed evidence of nonlinear associations for PP (P for likelihood test = 0.046) and IOP (P for likelihood test < 0.001), but not for SBP or MOPP.

Conclusions: Higher MOPP was associated with PDR relative to both NDR and NPDR, suggesting that MOPP may provide complementary hemodynamic information in relation to DR severity.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{gao2026association,
  title = {{Association between mean ocular perfusion pressure and proliferative diabetic retinopathy in a northern Chinese population}},
  author = {Fei Gao and Han Bo and Emmanuel Eric Pazo and Liying Hu and Chen Chen and Yu Shi and Xiuqing Zhu and Xiaorong Li and Juping Liu},
  journal = {Frontiers in Endocrinology},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3389/fendo.2026.1921927},
  url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2026.1921927/full},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Association between mean ocular perfusion pressure and proliferative diabetic retinopathy in a northern Chinese population
AU  - Fei Gao
AU  - Han Bo
AU  - Emmanuel Eric Pazo
AU  - Liying Hu
AU  - Chen Chen
AU  - Yu Shi
AU  - Xiuqing Zhu
AU  - Xiaorong Li
AU  - Juping Liu
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/23
JO  - Frontiers in Endocrinology
DO  - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1921927
UR  - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2026.1921927/full
AB  - Background: To evaluate the associations of mean ocular perfusion pressure (MOPP), pulse pressure (PP), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) among patients with type 2 diabetes in a northern Chinese population.  Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study included 1,323 participants, comprising 1,119 patients from the Beichen Eye Study and 204 patients identified from electronic medical records at the Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital. The participants were categorized into no diabetic retinopathy (NDR), non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), and PDR groups. SBP, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and intraocular pressure (IOP) were measured. PP was defined as the difference between SBP and DBP. MOPP was calculated using the formula: MOPP = 2/3 (DBP + 1/3 PP) − IOP.  Results: With PDR as the reference category, higher MOPP was associated with PDR relative to both NDR (OR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.89–0.95) and NPDR (OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.91–0.98). SBP and PP showed similar patterns in their respective adjusted models and tertile analyses. Exploratory analyses showed evidence of nonlinear associations for PP (P for likelihood test = 0.046) and IOP (P for likelihood test < 0.001), but not for SBP or MOPP.  Conclusions: Higher MOPP was associated with PDR relative to both NDR and NPDR, suggesting that MOPP may provide complementary hemodynamic information in relation to DR severity.
SN  - 1664-2392
ER  -