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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC-NDCancer diagnosis & prognosis

Prognostic Relevance of Surface α-Enolase (ENO1) in Patients With Lung Adenocarcinoma.

  • Yu-Sen Lin1
  • Te-Hong Chen2
  • Yuan-Yao Tsai3
  • Tao-Wei Ke3,4
  • Chi-Hsien Huang5,6
  • Chia-Yu Tsai3,5
  • William Tzu-Liang Chen3,7,8
  • K S Clifford Chao6,9,10
  • Kevin Chih-Yang Huang11,12,13,14
14 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Chest Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
  2. 2Department of Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
  3. 3Department of Colorectal Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
  4. 4School of Chinese Medicine & Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
  5. 5Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
  6. 6Department of Radiation Oncology, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
  7. 7Department of Colorectal Surgery, China Medical University HsinChu Hospital, China Medical University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.
  8. 8School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
  9. 9Proton Therapy and Science Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
  10. 10Department of Radiotherapy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
  11. 11Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
  12. 12Translation Research Core, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
  13. 13Cancer Biology and Precision Therapeutics Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
  14. 14Office of Research and Development, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
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Abstract

Background/aim

α-Enolase (ENO1) is a glycolytic enzyme that also functions as a plasminogen receptor when translocated to the cell surface, where it promotes extracellular matrix degradation and invasion. The surface and cytosolic functions of ENO1 is therefore distinct, but whether they differ in prognostic value in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is unknown. This study evaluated the prognostic value of surface and cytosolic ENO1 in LUAD.Patients and methods

Surface and cytosolic ENO1 were assessed by immunohistochemistry in 174 LUAD patients and stratified as low or high according to the median H-score. The relationship between ENO1 expression and clinicopathological parameters was analyzed, and 5-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were evaluated.Results

High surface ENO1 expression was associated with older age (p=0.044), nodal metastasis (p=0.030), and poor tumor differentiation (p=0.017). Patients with high surface ENO1 had significantly worse 5-year OS (64.0% vs. 80.1%, p=0.041) and 5-year PFS (44.8% vs. 65.0%, p=0.047). In univariate analysis, high surface ENO1 was associated with an increased risk of 5-year OS [hazard ratio (HR)=1.94, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.02-3.71] and 5-year PFS (HR=1.62, 95%CI=1.00-2.63). In contrast, cytosolic ENO1 was not associated with any clinicopathological parameter or survival outcome.Conclusion

Surface, but not cytosolic, ENO1 is associated with adverse pathological features and poor survival in LUAD. These results suggest that the surface pool is the prognostically relevant fraction of ENO1 and support its evaluation as a biomarker and therapeutic target in LUAD.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{lin2026prognostic,
  title = {{Prognostic Relevance of Surface α-Enolase (ENO1) in Patients With Lung Adenocarcinoma.}},
  author = {Yu-Sen Lin and Te-Hong Chen and Yuan-Yao Tsai and Tao-Wei Ke and Chi-Hsien Huang and Chia-Yu Tsai and William Tzu-Liang Chen and K S Clifford Chao and Kevin Chih-Yang Huang},
  journal = {Cancer diagnosis \& prognosis},
  year = {2026},
  month = nov,
  doi = {10.21873/cdp.10602},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42968826},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Prognostic Relevance of Surface α-Enolase (ENO1) in Patients With Lung Adenocarcinoma.
AU  - Yu-Sen Lin
AU  - Te-Hong Chen
AU  - Yuan-Yao Tsai
AU  - Tao-Wei Ke
AU  - Chi-Hsien Huang
AU  - Chia-Yu Tsai
AU  - William Tzu-Liang Chen
AU  - K S Clifford Chao
AU  - Kevin Chih-Yang Huang
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/11/01
JO  - Cancer diagnosis & prognosis
DO  - 10.21873/cdp.10602
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42968826
AB  - Background/aim  α-Enolase (ENO1) is a glycolytic enzyme that also functions as a plasminogen receptor when translocated to the cell surface, where it promotes extracellular matrix degradation and invasion. The surface and cytosolic functions of ENO1 is therefore distinct, but whether they differ in prognostic value in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is unknown. This study evaluated the prognostic value of surface and cytosolic ENO1 in LUAD.Patients and methods  Surface and cytosolic ENO1 were assessed by immunohistochemistry in 174 LUAD patients and stratified as low or high according to the median H-score. The relationship between ENO1 expression and clinicopathological parameters was analyzed, and 5-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were evaluated.Results  High surface ENO1 expression was associated with older age (p=0.044), nodal metastasis (p=0.030), and poor tumor differentiation (p=0.017). Patients with high surface ENO1 had significantly worse 5-year OS (64.0% vs. 80.1%, p=0.041) and 5-year PFS (44.8% vs. 65.0%, p=0.047). In univariate analysis, high surface ENO1 was associated with an increased risk of 5-year OS [hazard ratio (HR)=1.94, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.02-3.71] and 5-year PFS (HR=1.62, 95%CI=1.00-2.63). In contrast, cytosolic ENO1 was not associated with any clinicopathological parameter or survival outcome.Conclusion  Surface, but not cytosolic, ENO1 is associated with adverse pathological features and poor survival in LUAD. These results suggest that the surface pool is the prognostically relevant fraction of ENO1 and support its evaluation as a biomarker and therapeutic target in LUAD.
SN  - 2732-7787
ER  -