Agreement of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Prediction Equations with Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry for Tracking Resistance Training-Induced Changes in Fat-Free Mass in Older Women.
6 affiliations
- 1University of Coimbra, CIPER, FCDEF, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal.
- 2Higher Technical School of Sports Sciences (ESCID), Luanda, Angola.
- 3Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil.
- 4University Pitágoras Unopar Anhanguera, Londrina 86041-120, Brazil.
- 5Department of Physical Education, Paraná State University, Unespar, Paranavaí Campus, Paranavaí 87703-000, PR, Brazil.
- 6Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Lisbon, Portugal.
Abstract
This study examined the agreement between commonly used bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) prediction equations and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for tracking resistance training-induced changes in fat-free mass (FFM) in older women. One hundred and five older women (68.4 ± 5.8 years) completed a 24-week supervised resistance training program. FFM was assessed before and after training using DXA and estimated using eight BIA prediction equations. DXA-derived FFM increased significantly after training (Δ = 0.9 ± 2.3 kg). All BIA equations also detected significant increases in FFM, with mean changes similar to those observed with DXA after multiplicity adjustment (p > 0.05). However, this similarity at the group level did not translate into agreement at the individual level. Correlations between BIA equation-derived and DXA-derived changes were weak to moderate (r = 0.26-0.42), and despite generally small mean biases (-0.25 to 0.59 kg), the 95% limits of agreement were wide across all equations. Moreover, significant negative proportional bias was observed for all equations, indicating progressively greater underestimation relative to DXA as the magnitude of FFM change increased. Collectively, these findings demonstrate a clear distinction between the ability of BIA prediction equations to reproduce mean group-level changes and their ability to track individual changes in FFM. Thus, although BIA prediction equations may be useful for describing average group-level adaptations to resistance training in older women, they should not be considered interchangeable with DXA for monitoring individual changes in FFM.
Related
- Toward Clinically Feasible Assessment of Muscle Mass: Validation of a Seated Bioelectrical Impedance Device Against Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) in Older Adults
- Prediction of Device-Derived Body Age Using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis and Graded Treadmill Performance: An Interpretable Machine Learning Study
- Missing Link between Glycemic Control and Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis
- Bioelectrical impedance-derived body composition and systemic therapy outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer
- Association of electrical properties of bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy with sedentary time, physical activity and muscle function in older adults
BibTeX
@article{ribeiro2026agreement,
title = {{Agreement of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Prediction Equations with Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry for Tracking Resistance Training-Induced Changes in Fat-Free Mass in Older Women.}},
author = {Alex S Ribeiro and André N S Cahebo and Amilton T Canguali and Felipe Lisboa and Witalo Kassiano and Paolo M Cunha and Matheus A Nascimento and Diogo V Martinho and Analiza M Silva and Luís B Sardinha and Manuel João Coelho-E-Silva and Edilson S Cyrino},
journal = {Sports (Basel, Switzerland)},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3390/sports14100421},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42931558},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Agreement of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Prediction Equations with Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry for Tracking Resistance Training-Induced Changes in Fat-Free Mass in Older Women.
AU - Alex S Ribeiro
AU - André N S Cahebo
AU - Amilton T Canguali
AU - Felipe Lisboa
AU - Witalo Kassiano
AU - Paolo M Cunha
AU - Matheus A Nascimento
AU - Diogo V Martinho
AU - Analiza M Silva
AU - Luís B Sardinha
AU - Manuel João Coelho-E-Silva
AU - Edilson S Cyrino
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/01
JO - Sports (Basel, Switzerland)
DO - 10.3390/sports14100421
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42931558
AB - This study examined the agreement between commonly used bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) prediction equations and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for tracking resistance training-induced changes in fat-free mass (FFM) in older women. One hundred and five older women (68.4 ± 5.8 years) completed a 24-week supervised resistance training program. FFM was assessed before and after training using DXA and estimated using eight BIA prediction equations. DXA-derived FFM increased significantly after training (Δ = 0.9 ± 2.3 kg). All BIA equations also detected significant increases in FFM, with mean changes similar to those observed with DXA after multiplicity adjustment (p > 0.05). However, this similarity at the group level did not translate into agreement at the individual level. Correlations between BIA equation-derived and DXA-derived changes were weak to moderate (r = 0.26-0.42), and despite generally small mean biases (-0.25 to 0.59 kg), the 95% limits of agreement were wide across all equations. Moreover, significant negative proportional bias was observed for all equations, indicating progressively greater underestimation relative to DXA as the magnitude of FFM change increased. Collectively, these findings demonstrate a clear distinction between the ability of BIA prediction equations to reproduce mean group-level changes and their ability to track individual changes in FFM. Thus, although BIA prediction equations may be useful for describing average group-level adaptations to resistance training in older women, they should not be considered interchangeable with DXA for monitoring individual changes in FFM.
SN - 2075-4663
ER -