Dendrite-scale quantitative evaluation of solidification cracking in welding using in-situ synchrotron X-ray imaging: distribution characteristics of critical strain.
- 1Research Center for Structural Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
- 2Joining and Welding Research Institute, The University of Osaka, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan.
Abstract
Solidification cracking is a critical defect in welding, and its occurrence has conventionally been described using temperature-dependent critical-strain curves. However, whether the critical strain is uniquely determined by temperature remains unclear, particularly at the dendrite scale. In this study, solidification-cracking behavior in an Fe-15Mn-10Cr-8Ni-4Si alloy was investigated using in-situ synchrotron X-ray transmission imaging combined with local strain and temperature analyses. Crack-initiation events were identified from the time-resolved X-ray images, and the corresponding critical equivalent strains and critical temperatures were extracted at individual positions along the crack path. Solidification cracking occurred over approximately 1320-1000°C, corresponding to the effective solid-liquid coexistence region predicted by a Scheil-Gulliver calculation. The median critical strain was higher at lower temperatures and generally decreased toward higher temperatures. A broad critical-strain distribution remained within each 30°C temperature range. After subtraction of the temperature-bin median, the remaining variation was spatially nonuniform along the crack path. Comparison with a non-cracking case showed that most equivalent-strain values remained below the critical-strain distribution obtained in the cracking case, although the upper tail partially overlapped its lower part. These results provide experimental evidence that the critical strain at solidification-crack initiation is better represented as a temperature-dependent distribution than as a single-valued curve. The physical factors governing the distribution width and spatial variation remain to be identified.
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BibTeX
@article{kitano2026dendritescale,
title = {{Dendrite-scale quantitative evaluation of solidification cracking in welding using in-situ synchrotron X-ray imaging: distribution characteristics of critical strain.}},
author = {Houichi Kitano and Tomoya Nagira and Fumiyoshi Yoshinaka and Takahiro Sawaguchi and Takayuki Yamashita and Yasuhiro Aoki and Hidetoshi Fujii},
journal = {Science and technology of advanced materials},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1080/14686996.2026.2736326},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42910337},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Dendrite-scale quantitative evaluation of solidification cracking in welding using in-situ synchrotron X-ray imaging: distribution characteristics of critical strain.
AU - Houichi Kitano
AU - Tomoya Nagira
AU - Fumiyoshi Yoshinaka
AU - Takahiro Sawaguchi
AU - Takayuki Yamashita
AU - Yasuhiro Aoki
AU - Hidetoshi Fujii
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/12
JO - Science and technology of advanced materials
DO - 10.1080/14686996.2026.2736326
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42910337
AB - Solidification cracking is a critical defect in welding, and its occurrence has conventionally been described using temperature-dependent critical-strain curves. However, whether the critical strain is uniquely determined by temperature remains unclear, particularly at the dendrite scale. In this study, solidification-cracking behavior in an Fe-15Mn-10Cr-8Ni-4Si alloy was investigated using in-situ synchrotron X-ray transmission imaging combined with local strain and temperature analyses. Crack-initiation events were identified from the time-resolved X-ray images, and the corresponding critical equivalent strains and critical temperatures were extracted at individual positions along the crack path. Solidification cracking occurred over approximately 1320-1000°C, corresponding to the effective solid-liquid coexistence region predicted by a Scheil-Gulliver calculation. The median critical strain was higher at lower temperatures and generally decreased toward higher temperatures. A broad critical-strain distribution remained within each 30°C temperature range. After subtraction of the temperature-bin median, the remaining variation was spatially nonuniform along the crack path. Comparison with a non-cracking case showed that most equivalent-strain values remained below the critical-strain distribution obtained in the cracking case, although the upper tail partially overlapped its lower part. These results provide experimental evidence that the critical strain at solidification-crack initiation is better represented as a temperature-dependent distribution than as a single-valued curve. The physical factors governing the distribution width and spatial variation remain to be identified.
SN - 1468-6996
SN - 1878-5514
ER -