Associations of anthropometric indices with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among US adults with a self-reported history of cancer: a population-based cohort study.
- 1The Comprehensive Breast Care Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China.
- 2The Comprehensive Breast Care Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China. [email protected].
- 3The Comprehensive Breast Care Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China. [email protected].
Abstract
Background
Obesity is a well-established risk factor for cancer incidence and mortality. Body mass index (BMI) does not adequately characterize body shape or fat distribution. Whether a body shape index (ABSI) and body roundness index (BRI) are associated with mortality among adults with a history of cancer remains uncertain.Methods
We analyzed 3,230 NHANES participants (2003-2018) using survey-weighted Cox models adjusted for sociodemographic, behavioral, and cancer-related factors. Nonlinear and sensitivity analyses were performed.Results
During a survey-weighted median potential follow-up of 7.9 years, 937 all-cause, 315 cancer, and 197 CVD deaths occurred. In the primary model, each 1-SD higher ABSI was associated with all-cause mortality (HR 1.24, 95% CI 1.11-1.38) and CVD mortality (HR 1.55, 95% CI 1.26-1.90), but not cancer mortality (HR 1.12, 95% CI 0.96-1.29). Continuous BRI and BMI were not independently associated with the outcomes. Underweight BMI was associated with higher all-cause mortality (HR 2.44, 95% CI 1.46-4.08). BMI had a nonlinear association with all-cause mortality (P for nonlinearity = 0.002). ABSI findings remained similar across sensitivity analyses.Conclusion
Higher ABSI was associated with higher all-cause and CVD mortality among U.S. adults with a self-reported history of cancer. Further studies are needed to confirm these associations.Clinical trial number
Not applicable.
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BibTeX
@article{li2026associations,
title = {{Associations of anthropometric indices with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among US adults with a self-reported history of cancer: a population-based cohort study.}},
author = {Yaxin Li and Peinan Liu and Haoyu Zhu and Danni Zhao and Chuchen Zhao and Xiaobin Ma and Meng Wang and Shuai Lin and Guochao Mao and Huafeng Kang},
journal = {BMC endocrine disorders},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1186/s12902-026-02652-w},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42972319},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Associations of anthropometric indices with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among US adults with a self-reported history of cancer: a population-based cohort study.
AU - Yaxin Li
AU - Peinan Liu
AU - Haoyu Zhu
AU - Danni Zhao
AU - Chuchen Zhao
AU - Xiaobin Ma
AU - Meng Wang
AU - Shuai Lin
AU - Guochao Mao
AU - Huafeng Kang
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/15
JO - BMC endocrine disorders
DO - 10.1186/s12902-026-02652-w
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42972319
AB - Background Obesity is a well-established risk factor for cancer incidence and mortality. Body mass index (BMI) does not adequately characterize body shape or fat distribution. Whether a body shape index (ABSI) and body roundness index (BRI) are associated with mortality among adults with a history of cancer remains uncertain.Methods We analyzed 3,230 NHANES participants (2003-2018) using survey-weighted Cox models adjusted for sociodemographic, behavioral, and cancer-related factors. Nonlinear and sensitivity analyses were performed.Results During a survey-weighted median potential follow-up of 7.9 years, 937 all-cause, 315 cancer, and 197 CVD deaths occurred. In the primary model, each 1-SD higher ABSI was associated with all-cause mortality (HR 1.24, 95% CI 1.11-1.38) and CVD mortality (HR 1.55, 95% CI 1.26-1.90), but not cancer mortality (HR 1.12, 95% CI 0.96-1.29). Continuous BRI and BMI were not independently associated with the outcomes. Underweight BMI was associated with higher all-cause mortality (HR 2.44, 95% CI 1.46-4.08). BMI had a nonlinear association with all-cause mortality (P for nonlinearity = 0.002). ABSI findings remained similar across sensitivity analyses.Conclusion Higher ABSI was associated with higher all-cause and CVD mortality among U.S. adults with a self-reported history of cancer. Further studies are needed to confirm these associations.Clinical trial number Not applicable.
SN - 1472-6823
ER -