Irreversibility of many-body harmonic oscillators characterized by generalized Husimi's adiabaticity parameter
Abstract
In a classical paper [K. Husimi, Prog. Theor. Phys. 9, 381 (1953)], Husimi showed that, for a single harmonic oscillator with a time-dependent angular frequency and initial conditions sampled from an equilibrium distribution, the averaged energy cannot decrease after a cyclic operation. This irreversibility is quantified by Husimi's adiabaticity parameter constituted with adiabatic invariants. In this work, we generalize Husimi's framework to a many-body system of one-dimensional harmonic oscillators coupled on an arbitrary connected network, with all spring constants sharing a common time dependence. For a system attached to a fixed wall, the dynamics can be decomposed into independent normal modes by transforming to mass-weighted coordinates and diagonalizing the resulting positive definite matrix, with each mode characterized by its own Husimi's adiabaticity parameter. By defining the generalized Husimi's adiabaticity parameter as their arithmetic mean, we derive the exact time evolution of the averaged energy and establish its non-decrease under cyclic operations. Numerical simulations confirm these results for both a uniform nearest-neighbor chain and a heterogeneous network.
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BibTeX
@misc{watanabe2026irreversibility,
title = {{Irreversibility of many-body harmonic oscillators characterized by generalized Husimi's adiabaticity parameter}},
author = {Kyosuke Watanabe and Yuki Izumida},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.07039},
eprint = {2609.07039},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.07039},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Irreversibility of many-body harmonic oscillators characterized by generalized Husimi's adiabaticity parameter
AU - Kyosuke Watanabe
AU - Yuki Izumida
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/07
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.07039
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.07039
AB - In a classical paper [K. Husimi, Prog. Theor. Phys. 9, 381 (1953)], Husimi showed that, for a single harmonic oscillator with a time-dependent angular frequency and initial conditions sampled from an equilibrium distribution, the averaged energy cannot decrease after a cyclic operation. This irreversibility is quantified by Husimi's adiabaticity parameter constituted with adiabatic invariants. In this work, we generalize Husimi's framework to a many-body system of one-dimensional harmonic oscillators coupled on an arbitrary connected network, with all spring constants sharing a common time dependence. For a system attached to a fixed wall, the dynamics can be decomposed into independent normal modes by transforming to mass-weighted coordinates and diagonalizing the resulting positive definite matrix, with each mode characterized by its own Husimi's adiabaticity parameter. By defining the generalized Husimi's adiabaticity parameter as their arithmetic mean, we derive the exact time evolution of the averaged energy and establish its non-decrease under cyclic operations. Numerical simulations confirm these results for both a uniform nearest-neighbor chain and a heterogeneous network.
ER -