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Peer-reviewedCC BYNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

Flexible Strain Sensor Based on TPU/CNTs/rGO Conductive Membrane with Dual-Microcrack Structure for High-Performance Wearable Sensing

  • Jinlong Chen1,2
  • Binghao Xing1
  • Yuexin Wang1
  • Huimin Guo1
  • Chenrui Zhu1
  • Weihua Wang1
  • Junfang Shen1,2
  • Zhaowu Wang1
  • Pengbo Zhao2
  • Qian Sun1,2
  • Derong Zhu1,2
  • Zhiyu Min2,3
1 more authors
  • Wei Zhai4
4 affiliations
  1. 1School of Intelligent Manufacturing, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
  2. 2Henan Key Laboratory of Green Building Materials Manufacturing and Intelligent Equipment, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
  3. 3Henan Mechanical and Electrical Vocational College, Zhengzhou 451192, China
  4. 4Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Abstract

Flexible strain sensors are crucial for wearable electronics and human–machine interaction, yet simultaneously achieving high sensitivity and a broad working range remains challenging. Here, a high-performance strain sensor is developed by integrating carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) hybrid conductive networks with electrospun thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanofibers, followed by pre-stretching to engineer a dual-microcrack architecture. The synergistic interplay between 1D CNTs and 2D rGO stabilizes conductive pathways, while strain-regulated microcrack evolution amplifies resistance variation. The sensor delivers a wide strain range of up to 100%, with gauge factors of 75.2, 1600.5, and 7484.5 across 0–32%, 32–60%, and 60–100% strain, respectively. It further exhibits a rapid response/recovery time of 30/40 ms, a low detection limit of 0.01%, and excellent durability over 1000 cycles. Benefiting from these comprehensive superior sensing performances, the sensor can reliably monitor both subtle human physiological signals and large-amplitude human motions, demonstrating great application potential in wearable health monitoring, intelligent motion perception and human–machine interaction fields.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{chen2026flexible,
  title = {{Flexible Strain Sensor Based on TPU/CNTs/rGO Conductive Membrane with Dual-Microcrack Structure for High-Performance Wearable Sensing}},
  author = {Jinlong Chen and Binghao Xing and Yuexin Wang and Huimin Guo and Chenrui Zhu and Weihua Wang and Junfang Shen and Zhaowu Wang and Pengbo Zhao and Qian Sun and Derong Zhu and Zhiyu Min and Wei Zhai},
  journal = {Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.3390/nano16191234},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13666651},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Flexible Strain Sensor Based on TPU/CNTs/rGO Conductive Membrane with Dual-Microcrack Structure for High-Performance Wearable Sensing
AU  - Jinlong Chen
AU  - Binghao Xing
AU  - Yuexin Wang
AU  - Huimin Guo
AU  - Chenrui Zhu
AU  - Weihua Wang
AU  - Junfang Shen
AU  - Zhaowu Wang
AU  - Pengbo Zhao
AU  - Qian Sun
AU  - Derong Zhu
AU  - Zhiyu Min
AU  - Wei Zhai
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/30
JO  - Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
DO  - 10.3390/nano16191234
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13666651
AB  - Flexible strain sensors are crucial for wearable electronics and human–machine interaction, yet simultaneously achieving high sensitivity and a broad working range remains challenging. Here, a high-performance strain sensor is developed by integrating carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) hybrid conductive networks with electrospun thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanofibers, followed by pre-stretching to engineer a dual-microcrack architecture. The synergistic interplay between 1D CNTs and 2D rGO stabilizes conductive pathways, while strain-regulated microcrack evolution amplifies resistance variation. The sensor delivers a wide strain range of up to 100%, with gauge factors of 75.2, 1600.5, and 7484.5 across 0–32%, 32–60%, and 60–100% strain, respectively. It further exhibits a rapid response/recovery time of 30/40 ms, a low detection limit of 0.01%, and excellent durability over 1000 cycles. Benefiting from these comprehensive superior sensing performances, the sensor can reliably monitor both subtle human physiological signals and large-amplitude human motions, demonstrating great application potential in wearable health monitoring, intelligent motion perception and human–machine interaction fields.
SN  - 2079-4991
ER  -