Development of the First Integrated Silver Nitrate-Containing In Vitro Regeneration Approach for the Endangered Tulipa montana var. chrysantha.
- 1Ornamental Plants Research Group, Department of Landscape Design, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari 48161-18761, Iran.
- 2Department of Biology, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari 48161-18761, Iran.
- 3Research Group Phytochemistry and Biochemistry of Natural Compounds, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Biosciences Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria.
Abstract
Tulipa montana Lindl. var. chrysantha (Boiss.) Wendelbo is a native Iranian tulip occurring in the highlands of the Alborz Mountains. This study aimed to establish an efficient in vitro regeneration protocol by optimizing explant disinfection, bulblet regeneration, and rooting conditions. Basal and distal bulb-scale, leaf, petal, and flowering-stem explants were evaluated using different sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) exposure times and silver nitrate (AgNO₃) concentrations. AgNO₃ concentrations of 0, 100, 200, and 300 mg L⁻¹ were tested during establishment; 300 mg L⁻¹ resulted in the lowest contamination and was subsequently retained during regeneration. Leaf, petal, and flowering-stem explants did not regenerate, whereas bulb-scale explants produced regenerated bulblets. Combinations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) or thidiazuron (TDZ) with 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) were evaluated. The highest number of regenerated bulblets was obtained with 2 mg L⁻¹ TDZ + 1 mg L⁻¹ NAA, while the greatest shoot length occurred with 1 mg L⁻¹ TDZ + 1 mg L⁻¹ NAA. The highest root number was obtained on ½ MS + 1 mg L⁻¹ NAA, whereas the longest roots developed on ½ MS + 0.5 mg L⁻¹ NAA. Approximately 80% of plantlets survived after one month of acclimatization.
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BibTeX
@article{gholami2026development,
title = {{Development of the First Integrated Silver Nitrate-Containing In Vitro Regeneration Approach for the Endangered Tulipa montana var. chrysantha.}},
author = {Mohammad Gholami and Masoud Azadbakht and Mahboubeh Davoudi Pahnekolayi},
journal = {Plants (Basel, Switzerland)},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3390/plants15203239},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42943191},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Development of the First Integrated Silver Nitrate-Containing In Vitro Regeneration Approach for the Endangered Tulipa montana var. chrysantha.
AU - Mohammad Gholami
AU - Masoud Azadbakht
AU - Mahboubeh Davoudi Pahnekolayi
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/21
JO - Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
DO - 10.3390/plants15203239
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42943191
AB - Tulipa montana Lindl. var. chrysantha (Boiss.) Wendelbo is a native Iranian tulip occurring in the highlands of the Alborz Mountains. This study aimed to establish an efficient in vitro regeneration protocol by optimizing explant disinfection, bulblet regeneration, and rooting conditions. Basal and distal bulb-scale, leaf, petal, and flowering-stem explants were evaluated using different sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) exposure times and silver nitrate (AgNO₃) concentrations. AgNO₃ concentrations of 0, 100, 200, and 300 mg L⁻¹ were tested during establishment; 300 mg L⁻¹ resulted in the lowest contamination and was subsequently retained during regeneration. Leaf, petal, and flowering-stem explants did not regenerate, whereas bulb-scale explants produced regenerated bulblets. Combinations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) or thidiazuron (TDZ) with 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) were evaluated. The highest number of regenerated bulblets was obtained with 2 mg L⁻¹ TDZ + 1 mg L⁻¹ NAA, while the greatest shoot length occurred with 1 mg L⁻¹ TDZ + 1 mg L⁻¹ NAA. The highest root number was obtained on ½ MS + 1 mg L⁻¹ NAA, whereas the longest roots developed on ½ MS + 0.5 mg L⁻¹ NAA. Approximately 80% of plantlets survived after one month of acclimatization.
SN - 2223-7747
ER -