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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Molecules

Flocculent Ti3AlC2-Based Two-Dimensional Material Flexible Microneedle Patch for Screening Alzheimer’s Disease Animal Biomarkers and In Situ Revealing Spatial Aggregation of Arachidonic Acid

  • Siyuan Chen1
  • Bixiang Li2
  • Tangjing Zhao1
  • Qin Huang1
  • Chengyu Li1
  • Yilamujiang Ainiwan1
  • Songtao Qi1
  • Jun Pan1
  1. 1Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
  2. 2Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Abstract

Efficient diagnosis and pathological elucidation of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are constrained by the lack of technologies for in situ capture of metabolites in living brain tissues. Metabolic disorders in the parietal lobe highly correlate with AD progression, yet existing methods cannot achieve in situ capture and spatial analysis. A petal-like flocculent Ti3AlC2-based flexible microneedle patch was developed for in situ extraction and mass spectrometry of parietal metabolites in AD rabbits. Sodium hydroxide etching and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) self-assembly constructed a flocculent micro-/nanostructure, enhancing enrichment ~4-fold (2.5-fold after etching + 1.6-fold after CTAB). The stretchable substrate enables conformal attachment to the curved parietal lobe. Application to the exposed cortex demonstrates mechanical flexibility, linear glucose response (R2 = 0.9958) and resistance to salt/protein interference. Serum profiling of 15 AD patients and 15 controls with OPLS-DA shows clear discrimination (top-5 markers combined area under the curve (AUC) = 0.84). Spatial analysis reveals arachidonic acid’s unique pattern of centralized aggregation with peripheral gradient diffusion. This novel in situ device enables brain metabolite detection and reveals abnormal arachidonic acid aggregation, providing evidence for lipid-pathway AD interventions.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{chen2026flocculent,
  title = {{Flocculent Ti3AlC2-Based Two-Dimensional Material Flexible Microneedle Patch for Screening Alzheimer’s Disease Animal Biomarkers and In Situ Revealing Spatial Aggregation of Arachidonic Acid}},
  author = {Siyuan Chen and Bixiang Li and Tangjing Zhao and Qin Huang and Chengyu Li and Yilamujiang Ainiwan and Songtao Qi and Jun Pan},
  journal = {Molecules},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3390/molecules31203665},
  url = {https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/31/20/3665},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Flocculent Ti3AlC2-Based Two-Dimensional Material Flexible Microneedle Patch for Screening Alzheimer’s Disease Animal Biomarkers and In Situ Revealing Spatial Aggregation of Arachidonic Acid
AU  - Siyuan Chen
AU  - Bixiang Li
AU  - Tangjing Zhao
AU  - Qin Huang
AU  - Chengyu Li
AU  - Yilamujiang Ainiwan
AU  - Songtao Qi
AU  - Jun Pan
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/01
JO  - Molecules
DO  - 10.3390/molecules31203665
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/31/20/3665
AB  - Efficient diagnosis and pathological elucidation of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are constrained by the lack of technologies for in situ capture of metabolites in living brain tissues. Metabolic disorders in the parietal lobe highly correlate with AD progression, yet existing methods cannot achieve in situ capture and spatial analysis. A petal-like flocculent Ti3AlC2-based flexible microneedle patch was developed for in situ extraction and mass spectrometry of parietal metabolites in AD rabbits. Sodium hydroxide etching and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) self-assembly constructed a flocculent micro-/nanostructure, enhancing enrichment ~4-fold (2.5-fold after etching + 1.6-fold after CTAB). The stretchable substrate enables conformal attachment to the curved parietal lobe. Application to the exposed cortex demonstrates mechanical flexibility, linear glucose response (R2 = 0.9958) and resistance to salt/protein interference. Serum profiling of 15 AD patients and 15 controls with OPLS-DA shows clear discrimination (top-5 markers combined area under the curve (AUC) = 0.84). Spatial analysis reveals arachidonic acid’s unique pattern of centralized aggregation with peripheral gradient diffusion. This novel in situ device enables brain metabolite detection and reveals abnormal arachidonic acid aggregation, providing evidence for lipid-pathway AD interventions.
SN  - 1420-3049
ER  -