Circulating Interleukin-36 Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Interleukin-37 Levels in Patients With Chronic Coronary Syndrome
- 1Internal Medicine Department, Hospital das Clinicas, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife-PE, 50670-901, Brazil
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to assess whether circulating interleukin (IL)-36α, IL-36β, IL-36γ, and IL-37 levels were higher in patients with chronic coronary syndrome compared with healthy controls.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study, with recruitment conducted from August 2022 to February 2023. After undergoing coronary angiography, patients were assessed in the hemodynamics laboratory according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. For those who met these criteria, the study was explained, and they were invited to participate. Clinical characteristics were collected via interview, followed by a blood sample for the measurement of ILs. Serum IL levels were quantified using a sandwich ELISA assay (R&D Systems, USA), according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. The present study was submitted to and approved by the institutional research ethics committee.
Results: A total of 100 patients were recruited (mean age: 58 ± 6.2 years; 59% male, 41% female) along with 100 healthy controls (mean age: 56 ± 4.6 years, 59% male, 41% female). Comparative analyses of circulating IL-36 family levels between patients and healthy controls revealed the following: IL-36α, 6.25 pg/mL (2.25–81.68) vs. 6.25 pg/mL (6.25–127.6) (P = 0.6); IL-36β, 9.68 pg/mL (6.25–36.39) vs. 6.25 pg/mL (6.25–6.25) (P = 0.006); and IL-36γ, 3,212 pg/mL (2,091–5,761) vs. 89.1 pg/mL (30.98–145.29) (P < 0.001), respectively.
Conclusions: Circulating IL-36α and IL-36β levels were higher in patients with chronic coronary syndrome compared with healthy controls. These ILs may be involved in the development of coronary atherosclerosis. However, further studies are needed to clarify the role of these ILs.
Related
- Comparative evaluation of serum TGF-β1 and PDGF-BB levels across patients with normal coronary arteries, stable coronary artery disease, and acute coronary syndrome.
- Case Report: Interleukin-17A blockade for SAPHO syndrome presenting as an FDG-avid destructive osteolytic acetabular lesion
- Low-Dose Interleukin-2 Resolves Stress-Induced Chronic Sensitization Independent of Opioid Receptor Signaling
- Effects of exercise and physical activity on circulating inflammaging- and immunosenescence-related biomarkers in older adults and adults with chronic diseases: an umbrella review
- Single-cell analysis reveals transcriptomic patterns in active macrophage activation syndrome and therapeutic potential of albumin-fused interleukin-10 in a mouse model
BibTeX
@article{oliveira2026circulating,
title = {{Circulating Interleukin-36 Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Interleukin-37 Levels in Patients With Chronic Coronary Syndrome}},
author = {Dinaldo Cavalcanti de Oliveira and Sabrina Barboza and Carolina Oliveira and Ernesto Osterne and Thomas Osterne and Evandro Osterne and Paulo Motta},
journal = {Cardiology research},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.14740/cr2285},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13719657},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Circulating Interleukin-36 Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Interleukin-37 Levels in Patients With Chronic Coronary Syndrome
AU - Dinaldo Cavalcanti de Oliveira
AU - Sabrina Barboza
AU - Carolina Oliveira
AU - Ernesto Osterne
AU - Thomas Osterne
AU - Evandro Osterne
AU - Paulo Motta
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/24
JO - Cardiology research
DO - 10.14740/cr2285
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13719657
AB - Background: The aim of this study was to assess whether circulating interleukin (IL)-36α, IL-36β, IL-36γ, and IL-37 levels were higher in patients with chronic coronary syndrome compared with healthy controls. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study, with recruitment conducted from August 2022 to February 2023. After undergoing coronary angiography, patients were assessed in the hemodynamics laboratory according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. For those who met these criteria, the study was explained, and they were invited to participate. Clinical characteristics were collected via interview, followed by a blood sample for the measurement of ILs. Serum IL levels were quantified using a sandwich ELISA assay (R&D Systems, USA), according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. The present study was submitted to and approved by the institutional research ethics committee. Results: A total of 100 patients were recruited (mean age: 58 ± 6.2 years; 59% male, 41% female) along with 100 healthy controls (mean age: 56 ± 4.6 years, 59% male, 41% female). Comparative analyses of circulating IL-36 family levels between patients and healthy controls revealed the following: IL-36α, 6.25 pg/mL (2.25–81.68) vs. 6.25 pg/mL (6.25–127.6) (P = 0.6); IL-36β, 9.68 pg/mL (6.25–36.39) vs. 6.25 pg/mL (6.25–6.25) (P = 0.006); and IL-36γ, 3,212 pg/mL (2,091–5,761) vs. 89.1 pg/mL (30.98–145.29) (P < 0.001), respectively. Conclusions: Circulating IL-36α and IL-36β levels were higher in patients with chronic coronary syndrome compared with healthy controls. These ILs may be involved in the development of coronary atherosclerosis. However, further studies are needed to clarify the role of these ILs.
SN - 1923-2829
SN - 1923-2837
ER -